Khanzadeh Majid, Beikzadeh Babak, Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein
Animal Biological Product Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Tehran Organization, Iran.
Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Aquac Nutr. 2023 Jul 4;2023:8882736. doi: 10.1155/2023/8882736. eCollection 2023.
Natural immune stimulants are among the most effective chemicals for boosting immunity and fish welfare. This study aims to investigate the effects of red macroalgae extract () on hematological, immunological, antioxidant, biochemical, and disease resistance against in Nile tilapia for 50 days. For this purpose, fishes were assigned to four dietary treatments group in which the base meal was supplemented with 0.5%, 1%, and 2% of extract. On days 25 and 50 of the experiment, samples were taken to investigate the hematological, immunological, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters. The white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin, and neutrophils significantly increased after 50 days of feeding with the extract, but until the 25th day, no significant difference was observed among the treatments except for hemoglobin. Immunological parameters (including Immunoglobulin M [IgM] and complement 3 [C3]) were significantly higher in treated groups compared to control both 25 days and 50 days posttreatment. However, on the 25th day, no significant difference was noticed between treatments and control in the case of lysozyme activity. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) considerably increased in comparison to the control group on the 50th day, but no significant difference was observed on the 25th day. In addition, feeding with significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities on the 25th day ( 1% and 2% in peroxidase [POD] and superoxide dismutase [SOD] in all groups) and 50th day (catalase [CAT], SOD and 1% and 2% in POD) in the spleen. The survival rate of fish challenged with was considerably greater than the control group. Finally, it can be concluded that extract is an immunological stimulant that induces fish resistance to .
天然免疫刺激剂是增强免疫力和鱼类健康状况最有效的化学物质之一。本研究旨在调查红大型海藻提取物（）对尼罗罗非鱼进行50天的血液学、免疫学、抗氧化、生化指标以及抗[疾病名称未给出]能力的影响。为此，将鱼分为四个日粮处理组，基础日粮分别添加0.5%、1%和2%的提取物。在实验的第25天和第50天，采集样本以研究血液学、免疫学、生化和抗氧化参数。用提取物喂养50天后，白细胞（WBC）、血红蛋白和中性粒细胞显著增加，但直到第25天，除血红蛋白外，各处理组之间未观察到显著差异。与对照组相比，处理组在处理后第25天和第50天的免疫参数（包括免疫球蛋白M [IgM]和补体3 [C3]）均显著更高。然而，在第25天，溶菌酶活性在处理组和对照组之间未观察到显著差异。与对照组相比，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）在第50天显著增加，但在第25天未观察到显著差异。此外，在第25天（所有组中过氧化物酶[POD]和超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]中1%和2%）和第50天（脾脏中过氧化氢酶[CAT]、SOD以及POD中1%和2%），用提取物喂养显著增加了抗氧化酶活性。用[致病菌名称未给出]攻击的鱼的存活率显著高于对照组。最后，可以得出结论，提取物是一种免疫刺激剂，可诱导鱼类对[疾病名称未给出]产生抗性。
