Kainulainen Sakari, Elovainio Marko, Laaksonen Mikko, Jääskeläinen Tuija, Rissanen Harri, Koskinen Seppo
Diaconia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland.
Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Public Health. 2023 Oct 10;33(5):828-833. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad121.
Simple and efficient survey measures to predict staying in or leaving work are needed. We examined the association of single-item self-rated work ability (SRWA) with disability retirement in two large population-based samples and compared the association of SRWA to two other scales, work ability score (WAS) and self-rated health (SRH), used earlier in studies.
The study population comprised 6034 participants aged 35-58 from the population-based Health 2000 and FinHealth 2017 cohort studies, pooled together. SRWA, WAS and SRH were all classified in three categories: poor, limited and good. A 36-month follow-up for disability retirement via linkage to electronic records was included in the analysis.
Of the participants, 195 retired during the follow-up. All three measures strongly predicted disability retirement. Hazard ratio (HR) for poor SRWA (vs. good) was 8.48 [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.41-13.28], WAS 7.99 (95% CI 5.62-11.37) and SRH 5.96 (95% CI 4.17-8.51). HR for limited SRWA (vs. good) was 4.35 (95% CI 3.21-5.91), WAS 3.54 (95% CI 2.49-5.04) and SRH 2.27 (95% CI 1.59-3.23). Taking into account gender, age, education and mental health narrowed the gap between poor and limited vs. good work ability as predictors of disability retirement, but the differences remained clear.
Limited or poor self-rated work ability or health are strong predictors of disability retirement. The SRWA measure is a useful survey-measure of work ability in community-based surveys.
需要简单有效的调查方法来预测在职或离职情况。我们在两个基于人群的大样本中研究了单项自评工作能力（SRWA）与残疾退休之间的关联，并将SRWA与另外两个量表，即先前研究中使用的工作能力得分（WAS）和自评健康（SRH）的关联进行了比较。
研究人群包括来自基于人群的2000年健康研究和2017年芬兰健康队列研究的6034名35 - 58岁参与者，将两者合并。SRWA、WAS和SRH均分为三类：差、受限和良好。分析中通过与电子记录的关联对残疾退休情况进行了36个月的随访。
在随访期间，195名参与者退休。所有这三项指标都能有力地预测残疾退休情况。自评工作能力差（与良好相比）的风险比（HR）为8.48 [95%置信区间（CI）5.41 - 13.28]，WAS为7.99（95% CI 5.62 - 11.37），SRH为5.96（95% CI 4.17 - 8.51）。自评工作能力受限（与良好相比）的HR为4.35（95% CI 3.21 - 5.91），WAS为3.54（95% CI 2.49 - 5.04），SRH为2.27（95% CI 1.59 - 3.23）。考虑到性别、年龄、教育程度和心理健康因素后，作为残疾退休预测指标的工作能力差和受限与良好之间的差距有所缩小，但差异仍然明显。
自评工作能力或健康状况受限或较差是残疾退休的有力预测指标。SRWA指标是基于社区调查中有用的工作能力调查指标。
