Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7310, USA.
Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Respir Res. 2023 Jul 13;24(1):187. doi: 10.1186/s12931-023-02490-7.
As the public health burden of air pollution continues to increase, new strategies to mitigate harmful health effects are needed. Dietary antioxidants have previously been explored to protect against air pollution-induced lung injury producing inconclusive results. Inhaled (pulmonary or nasal) administration of antioxidants presents a more promising approach as it could directly increase antioxidant levels in the airway surface liquid (ASL), providing protection against oxidative damage from air pollution. Several antioxidants have been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties in in vitro and in vivo models of air pollution exposure; however, little work has been done to translate these basic research findings into practice. This narrative review summarizes these findings and data from human studies using inhaled antioxidants in response to air pollution, which have produced positive results, indicating further investigation is warranted. In addition to human studies, cell and murine studies should be conducted using more relevant models of exposure such as air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures of primary cells and non-aqueous apical delivery of antioxidants and pollutants. Inhalation of antioxidants shows promise as a protective intervention to prevent air pollution-induced lung injury and exacerbation of existing lung disease.
随着空气污染对公众健康的负担不断增加，需要新的策略来减轻其对健康的有害影响。先前已经探索了膳食抗氧化剂来预防空气污染引起的肺损伤，但结果并不一致。抗氧化剂的吸入（肺部或鼻腔）给药是一种更有前途的方法，因为它可以直接增加气道表面液体（ASL）中的抗氧化剂水平，从而防止来自空气污染的氧化损伤。已经有几项研究表明，一些抗氧化剂在空气污染暴露的体外和体内模型中具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗微生物特性；然而，将这些基础研究结果转化为实践的工作却很少。本综述总结了这些发现以及使用吸入抗氧化剂来应对空气污染的人体研究数据，这些研究结果表明，进一步的研究是有必要的。除了人体研究外，还应该使用更相关的暴露模型（如原代细胞的气液界面（ALI）培养物和非水相顶端递送来进行细胞和鼠类研究），来进行抗氧化剂和污染物的非气液界面（ALI）培养物和非水相顶端递送。吸入抗氧化剂作为一种预防空气污染引起的肺损伤和加重现有肺部疾病的保护干预措施具有很大的潜力。
