Huang He, Ding Guowei, Li Mei, Deng Yu, Cheng Yan, Jin Hongyan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Division of HCV and STD Prevention and Treatment National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2023 Oct;49(10):2509-2518. doi: 10.1111/jog.15742. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) increases around menopause. The quality of life of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with SUI is significantly affected. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SUI and the associated risk factors in a population of Chinese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
A total of 273 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were enrolled, and a cross-sectional study was conducted. SUI was defined as an involuntary loss of urine with increases in abdominal pressure. Data including personal characteristics, menopause information, estrogen levels, and pelvic floor muscle strength levels were statistically analyzed.
The study enrolled 158 (57.9%) perimenopausal and 115 (42.1%) postmenopausal women. Sixty-six (41.8%) perimenopausal women and 56 (48.7%) postmenopausal women complained of SUI. The mean age was 49.42 ± 5.58 years. Body mass index over 24 kg/m (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-3.81), vaginal delivery (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.33-4.58), and diabetes (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.23-17.62) were high-risk factors for SUI. Climacteric symptoms (evaluated by Kupperman index scores) were statistically related to SUI, and among the 13 symptoms, insomnia, nervousness, weakness and fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia, headache, palpitation, and sexual complaints were all correlated with SUI in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Several factors are associated with SUI in Chinese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Obesity, vaginal delivery, climacteric symptoms, and diabetes were identified as the most notable risk factors. The management strategy could focus on the prevention and management of risk factors.
压力性尿失禁（SUI）的患病率在绝经前后会升高。患有SUI的围绝经期和绝经后女性的生活质量会受到显著影响。本研究旨在调查中国围绝经期和绝经后女性人群中SUI的患病率及相关危险因素。
共纳入273名围绝经期和绝经后女性，并进行了一项横断面研究。SUI被定义为腹压增加时出现的不自主漏尿。对包括个人特征、绝经信息、雌激素水平和盆底肌肉力量水平等数据进行了统计分析。
该研究纳入了158名（57.9%）围绝经期女性和115名（42.1%）绝经后女性。66名（41.8%）围绝经期女性和56名（48.7%）绝经后女性主诉有SUI。平均年龄为49.42±5.58岁。体重指数超过24kg/m（比值比[OR]2.02，95%置信区间[CI]1.07 - 3.81）、经阴道分娩（OR 2.47，95%CI 1.33 - 4.58）和糖尿病（OR 4.65，95%CI 1.23 - 17.62）是SUI的高危因素。更年期症状（通过库珀曼指数评分评估）与SUI在统计学上相关，在这13种症状中，失眠、紧张、虚弱和疲劳、关节痛和肌痛、头痛、心悸以及性方面的问题在围绝经期和绝经后女性中均与SUI相关。
中国围绝经期和绝经后女性中，有几个因素与SUI相关。肥胖、经阴道分娩、更年期症状和糖尿病被确定为最显著的危险因素。管理策略可侧重于危险因素的预防和管理。
