Research Centre on Cognition and Learning (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, University of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France.
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jun 25;20(13):6225. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20136225.
A main way by which meaning influences mental health is by the formation of interpersonal schemas that specify what to expect from others and how to treat them. Particularly during preadolescence (a developmental phase focused on interpersonal skills), young people living in a stressful or hurtful environment can form atypical schemas that can help them survive but that produce serious problems when later applied to newly forming adult relationships. We provide three case studies illustrating this process. A boy learned to cope by withdrawing from social interaction and excelling in schoolwork. A girl learned to cope by denying her own needs and sacrificing herself for the welfare of others. Another girl coped by pervasive distrust of others and by becoming assertively independent. These children learned well enough to adapt to these dysfunctional relationships so as to suffer as little as possible, and they even developed some personal skills and resources. However, the rigid schemas had a destructive impact on their adult relationships. Proposals for interventions to change meaning and behaviors are discussed.
意义影响心理健康的一个主要方式是通过形成人际图式，这些图式规定了对他人的期望以及如何对待他们。特别是在青春期前（一个专注于人际交往技能的发展阶段），生活在紧张或有害环境中的年轻人可能会形成非典型的图式，这些图式可以帮助他们生存，但当后来应用于新形成的成人关系时，会产生严重的问题。我们提供了三个案例研究来说明这个过程。一个男孩学会了通过退出社交互动和在学业上表现出色来应对。一个女孩学会了通过否认自己的需求并为他人的幸福牺牲自己来应对。另一个女孩则通过对他人的普遍不信任和坚定地独立来应对。这些孩子很好地学会了适应这些功能失调的关系，以尽量减少痛苦，他们甚至发展了一些个人技能和资源。然而，僵化的图式对他们的成人关系产生了破坏性的影响。讨论了改变意义和行为的干预措施的建议。
