Vanhaezebrouck Isabelle F, Scarpelli Matthew L
College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 W Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;15(13):3377. doi: 10.3390/cancers15133377.
Many successful preclinical findings fail to be replicated during translation to human studies. This leads to significant resources being spent on large clinical trials, and in some cases, promising therapeutics not being pursued due to the high costs of clinical translation. These translational failures emphasize the need for improved preclinical models of human cancer so that there is a higher probability of successful clinical translation. Companion-animal cancers offer a potential solution. These cancers are more similar to human cancer than other preclinical models, with a natural evolution over time, genetic alterations, intact immune system, and a permanent adaptation to the microenvironment. These advantages have led pioneers in veterinary radiation oncology to aid human medicine by elucidating basic principles of radiation biology. More recently, the veterinary and human radiation oncology fields have increasingly collaborated to achieve advancements in education, radiotherapy techniques, and trial networks. This review describes these advancements, including significant prior research findings and the evolution of the veterinary radiation oncology discipline. It concludes by describing how companion-animal models can help shape the future of human radiotherapy. Taken as a whole, this review suggests companion-animal cancers may become widely used for preclinical radiotherapy research.
许多成功的临床前研究结果在转化为人体研究时未能得到重复。这导致大量资源被投入到大型临床试验中，在某些情况下，由于临床转化成本高昂，有前景的治疗方法也未被继续推进。这些转化失败凸显了改进人类癌症临床前模型的必要性，以便提高临床转化成功的可能性。伴侣动物癌症提供了一个潜在的解决方案。与其他临床前模型相比，这些癌症与人类癌症更为相似，具有随时间的自然演变、基因改变、完整的免疫系统以及对微环境的永久适应性。这些优势促使兽医放射肿瘤学领域的先驱们通过阐明放射生物学的基本原理来辅助人类医学。最近，兽医和人类放射肿瘤学领域越来越多地开展合作，以在教育、放射治疗技术和试验网络方面取得进展。这篇综述描述了这些进展，包括先前的重要研究发现以及兽医放射肿瘤学学科的发展历程。它通过描述伴侣动物模型如何有助于塑造人类放射治疗的未来来得出结论。总体而言，这篇综述表明伴侣动物癌症可能会被广泛用于临床前放射治疗研究。
