College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 4;24(13):11053. doi: 10.3390/ijms241311053.
The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450) are the largest enzyme family in plant metabolism and widely involved in the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites. Foxtail millet ( (L.) P. ) can respond to abiotic stress through a highly complex polygene regulatory network, in which the SiCYP450 family is also involved. Although the CYP450 superfamily has been systematically studied in a few species, the research on the CYP450 superfamily in foxtail millet has not been completed. In this study, three hundred and thirty-one genes were identified in the foxtail millet genome by bioinformatics methods, which were divided into four groups, including forty-six subgroups. One hundred and sixteen genes were distributed in thirty-three tandem duplicated gene clusters. Chromosome mapping showed that SiCYP450 was distributed on seven chromosomes. In the SiCYP450 family of foxtail millet, 20 conserved motifs were identified. -acting elements in the promoter region of genes showed that hormone response elements were found in all genes. Of the three hundred and thirty-one genes, nine genes were colinear with the genes. Two hundred genes were colinear with the genes, including two hundred and forty-five gene duplication events. The expression profiles of genes in different organs and developmental stages showed that was preferentially expressed in specific tissues, and many tissue-specific genes were identified, such as , , , , and in the root, and in leaves, and in the ear. The RT-PCR data showed that could respond to abiotic stresses, ABA, and herbicides in foxtail millet. Among them, the expression levels of , , , , , and were significantly increased under the treatment of mesotrione, florasulam, nicosulfuron, fluroxypyr, and sethoxydim, indicating that the same gene might respond to multiple herbicides. The results of this study will help reveal the biological functions of the SiCYP450 family in development regulation and stress response and provide a basis for molecular breeding of foxtail millet.
植物细胞色素 P450 单加氧酶（CYP450）是植物代谢中最大的酶家族，广泛参与初级和次级代谢物的生物合成。谷子（ (L.) P. ）可以通过高度复杂的多基因调控网络对非生物胁迫做出反应，其中 SiCYP450 家族也参与其中。尽管 CYP450 超家族在少数几种物种中得到了系统研究，但谷子 CYP450 超家族的研究尚未完成。在这项研究中，通过生物信息学方法在谷子基因组中鉴定了 331 个基因，这些基因分为四个组，包括 46 个亚组。116 个基因分布在 33 个串联重复基因簇中。染色体定位表明 SiCYP450 分布在 7 条染色体上。在谷子的 SiCYP450 家族中，鉴定出 20 个保守基序。启动子区域的 - 作用元件表明，所有基因都存在激素响应元件。在 331 个基因中，有 9 个基因与 基因共线性。200 个基因与 基因共线性，包括 245 个基因复制事件。不同器官和发育阶段的 基因表达谱表明， 基因在特定组织中优先表达，并且鉴定出许多组织特异性基因，如根中的 、 、 、 ，叶中的 、 ，耳中的 。RT-PCR 数据表明，在谷子中， 可以响应非生物胁迫、ABA 和除草剂。其中，mesotrione、florasulam、nicosulfuron、fluroxypyr 和 sethoxydim 处理后 、 、 、 、 和 的表达水平显著升高，表明同一基因可能对多种除草剂产生响应。本研究结果有助于揭示 SiCYP450 家族在发育调控和胁迫响应中的生物学功能，并为谷子的分子育种提供基础。
