Danova Kalina, Stanoeva Jasmina Petreska, Aneva Ina, Alipieva Kalina, Stefova Marina
Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 4;12(13):2541. doi: 10.3390/plants12132541.
Griseb. is a Balkan endemic species traditionally used for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and angina pectoris. Recent research has also shown its phytotherapeutic potential as an anticancer and neuroprotective agent. These findings, as well as the endangered status of the species in its wild habitats, have motivated the present research on application of plant cell tissue and organ culture for the purposes of both valuable germplasm conservation and secondary metabolites production. Shoot cultures of the plant were initiated from sterile germinated seeds and the effects of activated charcoal (AC), as well benzyl adenine and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid treatments, were experimented. The phenolic profile analysis was performed by HPLC/DAD/MS. Comparison with samples collected from wild plants in their natural habitat was performed. It was established that in vitro multiplication induced by plant growth regulators (PGRs) was accompanied by a higher impairment of leaf morphology and trichome formation, as well as by the occurrence of plantlet hyperhydricity and callus formation, as compared with the AC treatments. Shoot culture-derived plant material was shown to produce two phenylethanoids and five flavone glycosides, not detected in the wild collected plant material. In addition, the two types of in vitro culture treatments led to the stimulation of either flavone glycosides or phenylethanoids in the in vitro cultivated plants. Thus, AC stimulated, to a higher extent, flavone glycosides' accumulation, leading to an elevated flavone/phenylethanoid ratio, as compared with PGR treatments.
灰藓是巴尔干半岛的特有物种，传统上用于治疗肺气肿和心绞痛。最近的研究还表明其作为抗癌和神经保护剂具有植物治疗潜力。这些发现，以及该物种在其自然栖息地的濒危状况，促使了目前关于应用植物细胞组织和器官培养来保护珍贵种质资源和生产次生代谢产物的研究。该植物的茎段培养从无菌萌发的种子开始，并对活性炭（AC）以及苄基腺嘌呤和1-萘乙酸处理的效果进行了实验。通过高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测/质谱联用仪进行酚类物质分析。并与从其自然栖息地采集的野生植物样本进行了比较。结果表明，与AC处理相比，植物生长调节剂（PGRs）诱导的离体增殖伴随着叶片形态和毛状体形成的更高损伤，以及组培苗玻璃化和愈伤组织形成的发生。茎段培养获得的植物材料显示产生了两种苯乙醇类化合物和五种黄酮苷，而在野生采集的植物材料中未检测到。此外，两种离体培养处理导致离体培养植物中黄酮苷或苯乙醇类化合物的积累受到刺激。因此，与PGR处理相比，AC在更大程度上刺激了黄酮苷的积累，导致黄酮/苯乙醇类化合物的比例升高。
