Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 25;15(13):2873. doi: 10.3390/nu15132873.
The glycocalyx generally covers almost all cellular surfaces, where it participates in mediating cell-surface interactions with the extracellular matrix as well as with intracellular signaling molecules. The endothelial glycocalyx that covers the luminal surface mediates the interactions of endothelial cells with materials flowing in the circulating blood, including blood cells. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The cardiovascular risk factors start by causing endothelial cell dysfunction associated with destruction or irregular maintenance of the glycocalyx, which may culminate into a full-blown cardiovascular disease. The endothelial glycocalyx plays a crucial role in shielding the cell from excessive exposure and absorption of excessive salt, which can potentially cause damage to the endothelial cells and underlying tissues of the blood vessels. So, in this mini review/commentary, we delineate and provide a concise summary of the various components of the glycocalyx, their interaction with salt, and subsequent involvement in the cardiovascular disease process. We also highlight the major components of the glycocalyx that could be used as disease biomarkers or as drug targets in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
糖萼通常覆盖几乎所有细胞表面，在那里它参与介导细胞表面与细胞外基质以及细胞内信号分子的相互作用。覆盖腔表面的内皮糖萼介导内皮细胞与在循环血液中流动的物质（包括血细胞）的相互作用。心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是全世界发病率和死亡率的主要原因。心血管危险因素首先导致内皮细胞功能障碍，伴有糖萼的破坏或不规则维持，这可能最终导致全面的心血管疾病。内皮糖萼在保护细胞免受过多盐暴露和吸收方面起着至关重要的作用，过多的盐可能会对内皮细胞和血管的下组织造成损害。因此，在这篇小型综述/评论中，我们描述并简要总结了糖萼的各种成分、它们与盐的相互作用以及随后在心血管疾病过程中的参与。我们还强调了糖萼的主要成分，这些成分可以作为疾病生物标志物或作为管理心血管疾病的药物靶点。
