Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 5;15(13):3041. doi: 10.3390/nu15133041.
Suboptimal complementary feeding practices remain highly prevent. This review aims to comprehensively synthesize new emerging evidence on a set of topics related to the selection and consumption of complementary foods. We synthesized evidence related to five key topics focused on nutritional interventions that target the complementary feeding period, based on four systematic reviews that include updated evidence to February 2022. While there have been many studies examining interventions during the complementary feeding period, there is an overall lack of relevant information through which to draw conclusions on the ideal feeding schedule by food type. Similarly, few studies have examined the effects of animal milk versus infant formula for non-breastfed infants (6-11 months), though those that did found a greater risk of anemia among infants who were provided cow's milk. This review highlights a number of interventions that are successful at improving micronutrient status and anthropometry during the complementary feeding period, including fortified blended foods, locally and commercially produced supplementary foods, and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements. Complementary feeding education for caregivers can also be used to improve nutrition outcomes among infants in both food secure and insecure populations.
不理想的补充喂养做法仍然高度可预防。本次综述旨在全面综合一组与选择和食用补充食品相关的新出现证据。我们根据四项系统综述，综合了集中于营养干预措施的证据，这些综述纳入了截至 2022 年 2 月的最新证据，重点关注与补充喂养期有关的五个关键主题。虽然有许多研究检查了补充喂养期的干预措施，但缺乏相关信息，无法就理想的食物类型喂养时间表得出结论。同样，很少有研究调查动物奶与婴儿配方奶对非母乳喂养婴儿（6-11 个月）的影响，尽管进行了此类研究的发现，给婴儿提供牛奶会增加贫血的风险。本综述强调了一些干预措施，这些措施在补充喂养期间成功改善了微量营养素状况和人体测量学指标，包括强化混合食品、当地和商业生产的补充食品以及小剂量基于脂质的营养补充剂。针对护理者的补充喂养教育也可用于改善粮食安全和不安全人群中婴儿的营养结果。
