Abdulkareem Zana Azeez, Mohammed Nihayat Ibrahim, Abdollahi Asrin, Ahmed Omer Rasool, Ghaffar Osama Rahman, Khdir Hawkar Azad, Salam Dashty Akram, Aziz Sarhang Ahmad, Mustafa Mustafa Mama, Mustafa Warzer Mohammed, Abas Zaniar Ali, Abid Omed Idrees
Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq.
Department of Animal Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 28;9(7):e17768. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17768. eCollection 2023 Jul.
This study assessed the effects of a herbal mixture (HM) to protect poultry against chicken infectious anemia (CIA) and to modulate the adverse effects of this virus on performance, mortality, blood profile, white blood cells (WBCs) count, liver enzymes, liver histopathology, and intestinal morphology. Therefore, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into four experimental groups, with six replicates and ten chicks per group. The experimental groups consisted of a control group and groups with 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% HM, all based on corn-soybean meal. All chicks were inoculated with the CIA virus (CIAV) on day 7. The results showed that supplementation of 2.5% of HM to broiler diet increased feed intake (FI) (P < 0.05) and also increased body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG) slightly (P > 0.05). Adding 7.5% HM caused a reversible decrease in FI, BW, and WG and increased FCR. Compared with the control group, mortality rates declined with an additional dose of HM in CIAV-infected chickens. HM supplementation in the diet of CIAV-infected chickens increased hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) compared to the control (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte percentage and lymphocyte/heterophile ratio increased in HM-supplemented groups, especially at 2.5% (P < 0.05), and heterophile and granulocyte percentages were reduced (P < 0.05). Liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and liver steatosis declined in the 2.5% HM-treated group compared to the control (P < 0.05). It was concluded that adding 2.5% of the HM to the CIAV-infected broiler's diet did not negatively affect chicken performance. In addition to its hypolipidemic effects, it could prevent HCT and Hb from decreasing in chicks infected with CIAV and positively affect leukocyte types and liver enzymes. Interestingly, an additional dose of HM in the diet of the CIAV-infected broilers reduced mortality. Therefore, adding 2.5% of HM could prevent the adverse effects of CIA on hematological traits in broiler chicken flocks without adverse effects on performance.
本研究评估了一种草药混合物（HM）对家禽抵御鸡传染性贫血（CIA）的作用，以及调节该病毒对生产性能、死亡率、血液指标、白细胞（WBC）计数、肝酶、肝脏组织病理学和肠道形态的不良影响。因此，将240只1日龄雄性罗斯308肉鸡分为四个实验组，每组六个重复，每组十只鸡。实验组包括一个对照组以及添加2.5%、5%和7.5% HM的组，所有组均以玉米-豆粕为基础日粮。所有雏鸡在第7天接种鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV）。结果表明，在肉鸡日粮中添加2.5%的HM可提高采食量（FI）（P < 0.05），且体重（BW）和增重（WG）也略有增加（P > 0.05）。添加7.5%的HM导致FI、BW和WG出现可逆性下降，并提高了料重比（FCR）。与对照组相比，在感染CIAV的鸡中，额外添加HM可降低死亡率。与对照组相比，在感染CIAV的鸡日粮中添加HM可提高血细胞比容（HCT）、血红蛋白（Hb）和平均红细胞体积（MCV），并降低平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）（P < 0.05）。在添加HM的组中，淋巴细胞百分比和淋巴细胞/嗜异性粒细胞比值增加，尤其是在添加2.5% HM的组中（P < 0.05），嗜异性粒细胞和粒细胞百分比降低（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，2.5% HM处理组的肝酶碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和肝脏脂肪变性有所下降（P < 0.05）。得出的结论是，在感染CIAV的肉鸡日粮中添加2.5%的HM不会对鸡的生产性能产生负面影响。除了具有降血脂作用外，它还可以防止感染CIAV的雏鸡HCT和Hb下降，并对白细胞类型和肝酶产生积极影响。有趣的是，在感染CIAV的肉鸡日粮中额外添加HM可降低死亡率。因此，添加2.5%的HM可以预防CIA对肉鸡群血液学特征的不良影响，而不会对生产性能产生不利影响。
