College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China.
Molecules. 2019 Dec 20;25(1):33. doi: 10.3390/molecules25010033.
Limonene is a monoterpenoid compound, which is founded in a lot of plants' essential oils with good antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens, but it has an ambiguous antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanism against Listeria monocytogenes . In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility of Limonene to was studied, and some new sights regarding its antibacterial mechanism were further explored. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified that limonene caused the destruction of the cell integrity and wall structure of The increase in conductivity and the leakage of intracellular biomacromolecules (nucleic acids and proteins) confirmed that limonene had an obvious effect on cell membrane permeability. The results of Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescence staining were consistent with the results of the conductivity measurements. This indicated that limonene treatment caused damage to the cell membrane. Furthermore, the decrease in ATP content, ATPase (NaK-ATPase, Ca-ATPase) activity and respiratory chain complex activity indicated that limonene could hinder ATP synthesis by inhibiting the activity of the respiratory complex and ATPase. Finally, differential expression of proteins in the respiratory chain confirmed that limonene affected respiration and energy metabolism by inhibiting the function of the respiratory chain complex.
柠檬烯是一种单萜类化合物，存在于许多植物的精油中，具有良好的抗食源性病原体的抗菌活性，但它对李斯特菌的抗菌药敏性和机制尚不清楚。本研究研究了柠檬烯对李斯特菌的抗菌药敏性，进一步探讨了其抗菌机制的一些新观点。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）验证了柠檬烯导致细胞完整性和细胞壁结构的破坏。电导率的增加和细胞内生物大分子（核酸和蛋白质）的泄漏证实了柠檬烯对细胞膜通透性有明显影响。碘化丙啶（PI）荧光染色的结果与电导率测量的结果一致。这表明柠檬烯处理会导致细胞的细胞膜损伤。此外，ATP 含量、ATP 酶（NaK-ATPase、Ca-ATPase）活性和呼吸链复合物活性的降低表明，柠檬烯通过抑制呼吸链复合物和 ATP 酶的活性来阻碍 ATP 的合成。最后，呼吸链中蛋白质的差异表达证实了柠檬烯通过抑制呼吸链复合物的功能来影响呼吸和能量代谢。
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