Yao Jin, Zheng Hong, Nie Hui, Li Cheng-Fang, Zhang Wen, Wang Jin-Jing
Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China.
World J Clin Cases. 2023 Jun 26;11(18):4326-4333. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i18.4326.
Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease. Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms, such as hemoptysis, pneumothorax, and hemopneumothorax, which often leads to misdiagnosis. To date, there are 18 case reports of lung endometriosis that describe the clinical manifestation, imaging changes, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. To provide further insights into this rare disease, we present a new case report and a brief review of pulmonary endometriosis.
We report here about a 19-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for repeated catamenial hemoptysis over a 3-mo period. computed tomography (CT) imaging during menstruation revealed patchy high-density shadows, approximately 0.5 cm in size, in the right middle lobe of the lung. The patient's hemoptysis and changes in the CT scans resolved after menstruation. Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy, right lower lung repair, and closed thoracic drainage were performed. Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis. There was no recurrence of symptoms at the 6 mo follow-up.
We propose diagnosing lung endometriosis by thoroughly taking reproductive history, clinical details, imaging, and histopathology followed by treatment with surgical resection.
肺子宫内膜异位症是一种极其罕见的妇科疾病。目前的文献报道表明，大多数患者仅表现出一般性症状，如咯血、气胸和血气胸，这常常导致误诊。迄今为止，有18例肺子宫内膜异位症的病例报告描述了该疾病的临床表现、影像学变化、治疗和预后。为了进一步深入了解这种罕见疾病，我们呈现一份新的病例报告并对肺子宫内膜异位症进行简要综述。
我们在此报告一名19岁女性，她因在3个月内反复出现经期咯血入院。月经期间的计算机断层扫描（CT）成像显示右肺中叶有片状高密度阴影，大小约为0.5厘米。月经结束后，患者的咯血及CT扫描变化消失。进行了胸腔镜下右肺中叶切除术、右下肺修补术及胸腔闭式引流术。术后组织病理学确诊为肺子宫内膜异位症。在6个月的随访中症状未复发。
我们建议通过全面了解生殖史、临床细节、影像学和组织病理学来诊断肺子宫内膜异位症，随后采用手术切除进行治疗。
