Samuel Sonia, Michael Mark, Tadros Micheal
Department of Internal Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
World J Clin Cases. 2023 Jun 26;11(18):4210-4230. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i18.4210.
Cannabis, commonly known as marijuana, is a drug extracted from the plant known for its psychotropic and medicinal properties. It has been used for healing purposes during ancient times, although its psychoactive components led to its restricted use in medicine. Nonetheless, cannabis is found to have modulatory effects on the endocannabinoid system exhibiting its medicinal role in the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Emerging animal and human studies demonstrate the influential effects of cannabis on a variety of GI diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, motility disorders and GI malignancies. It also has a regulatory role in GI symptoms including nausea and vomiting, anorexia, weight gain, abdominal pain, among others. However, both its acute and chronic use can lead to undesirable side effects such as dependency and addiction, cognitive impairment and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. We will discuss the role of cannabis in the GI system as well as dosing strategies to help guide gastroenterologists to assess its efficacy and provide patient counseling before prescription of medical marijuana.
大麻，通常被称为 marijuana，是一种从植物中提取的药物，因其精神活性和药用特性而闻名。在古代，它就被用于治疗目的，尽管其精神活性成分导致其在医学上的使用受到限制。尽管如此，人们发现大麻对内源性大麻素系统具有调节作用，在胃肠道（GI）系统中发挥其药用作用。新出现的动物和人体研究表明，大麻对多种胃肠道疾病有影响，包括炎症性肠病、运动障碍和胃肠道恶性肿瘤。它在胃肠道症状（包括恶心、呕吐、厌食、体重增加、腹痛等）方面也具有调节作用。然而，其急性和慢性使用都可能导致不良副作用，如依赖和成瘾、认知障碍和大麻素呕吐综合征。我们将讨论大麻在胃肠道系统中的作用以及给药策略，以帮助指导胃肠病学家评估其疗效，并在开具医用大麻处方前为患者提供咨询。
