Toia Francesca, Matta Daniele, De Michele Federico, Pirrello Roberto, Cordova Adriana
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences. University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Neural Regen Res. 2023 Dec;18(12):2615-2618. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.358604.
The aim of this review is to present and compare the various animal models of vascularized nerve grafts described in the literature as well as to summarize preclinical evidence for superior functional results compared to non-vascularized free nerve grafts. We also will present the state of the art on prefabricated vascularized nerve grafts. A systematic literature review on vascularized nerve graft models was conducted via the retrieval with the PubMed database on March 30, 2019. Data on the animal, nerve, and vascularization model, the recipient bed, the evaluation time points and methods, and the results of the study results were extracted and analyzed from selected articles. The rat sciatic nerve was the most popular model for vascularized nerve grafts, followed by the rabbit; however, rabbit models allow for longer nerve grafts, which are suitable for translational evaluation, and produced more cautious results on the superiority of vascularized nerve grafts. Compared to free nerve grafts, vascularized nerve grafts have better early but similar long-term results, especially in an avascular bed. There are few studies on avascular receiving beds and prefabricated nerve grafts. The clinical translation potential of available animal models is limited, and current experimental knowledge cannot fully support that the differences between vascularized nerve grafts and free nerve grafts yield a clinical advantage that justifies the complexity of the procedure.
本综述的目的是介绍和比较文献中描述的各种带血管神经移植的动物模型，并总结与非带血管游离神经移植相比功能结果更优的临床前证据。我们还将介绍预制带血管神经移植的现状。2019年3月30日通过PubMed数据库检索对带血管神经移植模型进行了系统的文献综述。从选定的文章中提取并分析了有关动物、神经和血管化模型、受体床、评估时间点和方法以及研究结果的数据。大鼠坐骨神经是带血管神经移植最常用的模型，其次是兔子；然而，兔子模型可进行更长的神经移植，适合进行转化评估，并且对带血管神经移植的优越性得出了更为谨慎的结果。与游离神经移植相比，带血管神经移植早期效果更好，但长期效果相似，尤其是在无血管床中。关于无血管受体床和预制神经移植的研究很少。现有动物模型的临床转化潜力有限，目前的实验知识尚不能充分支持带血管神经移植与游离神经移植之间的差异能产生临床优势，从而证明该手术的复杂性是合理的。
