Schneider B K, Pickett C K, Zwillich C W, Weil J V, McDermott M T, Santen R J, Varano L A, White D P
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Aug;61(2):618-23. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1986.61.2.618.
Apneas and hypopneas during sleep occur more frequently in men than women. Disordered breathing is also reported to increase in hypogonadal men following testosterone administration. This suggests a hormonal influence on sleeping respiratory pattern. We therefore studied respiratory rhythm during sleep in 11 hypogonadal males both on and off testosterone-replacement therapy. In four subjects the anatomy (computerized tomography) and airflow resistance of the upper airway were also determined on both occasions. Sleep stage distribution and duration were unchanged following androgen administration. However, both apneas and hypopneas increased significantly during testosterone replacement so that the total number of disordered breathing events (apneas + hypopneas) per hour of sleep rose from 6.4 +/- 2.1 to 15.4 +/- 7.0 (P less than 0.05). This was a highly variable event with some subjects demonstrating large increases in apneas and hypopneas when androgen was replaced, whereas others had little change in respiration during sleep. Upper airway dimensions, on the other hand, were unaffected by testosterone. These results suggest that testosterone contributes to sleep-disordered breathing through mechanisms independent of anatomic changes in the upper airway.
睡眠期间的呼吸暂停和呼吸不足在男性中比女性更频繁发生。据报道，性腺功能减退的男性在接受睾酮治疗后呼吸紊乱也会增加。这表明激素对睡眠呼吸模式有影响。因此，我们研究了11名性腺功能减退男性在接受和不接受睾酮替代治疗时的睡眠呼吸节律。在这两种情况下，还对4名受试者的上呼吸道解剖结构（计算机断层扫描）和气流阻力进行了测定。雄激素给药后，睡眠阶段分布和持续时间没有变化。然而，在睾酮替代治疗期间，呼吸暂停和呼吸不足均显著增加，因此每小时睡眠中呼吸紊乱事件（呼吸暂停 + 呼吸不足）的总数从6.4 ± 2.1增加到15.4 ± 7.0（P < 0.05）。这是一个高度可变的事件，一些受试者在雄激素替代时呼吸暂停和呼吸不足大幅增加，而另一些受试者在睡眠期间呼吸变化不大。另一方面，上呼吸道尺寸不受睾酮影响。这些结果表明，睾酮通过独立于上呼吸道解剖变化的机制导致睡眠呼吸紊乱。
