Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023 Dec;115:105114. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105114. Epub 2023 Jul 2.
Cognitive stimulation (CS) is a popular and cost-effective intervention, which applies different types of techniques focused on cognitive skills and can be administered by different professionals. CS can be defined as activities that involve cognitive processing usually conducted in a social context and often in a group. Therefore, CS can improve psychosocial functioning and quality of life (QoL), depression, anxiety and activities of daily living (ADLs) independent of the pharmacological treatment such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of CS on psychosocial outcomes in older adults (aged 65 years or over), with healthy cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia.
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were examined from inception to October 2021. A total of 1,997 studies were initially identified in these databases. After discarding studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 30 studies were finally included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis performed with robust variance estimator (RVE) due the inclusion of studies with repeated measurements. The quality assessment tools from the National Institutes of Health were used to evaluate the quality of the studies.
CS was significantly associated with a higher QoL in participants who received personalized/adapted CS (RVE = 0.11±0.19 [-0.76, 0.99], t(1.86) = 0.6, p = 0.61). .
Personalized/adapted CS seems to improve QoL in older adults.
认知刺激（CS）是一种流行且具有成本效益的干预措施，它应用了不同类型的专注于认知技能的技术，可以由不同的专业人员来实施。CS 可以被定义为涉及认知加工的活动，通常在社交环境中进行，并且通常在小组中进行。因此，CS 可以改善心理健康、生活质量（QoL）、抑郁、焦虑和日常生活活动（ADLs），而无需药物治疗，如乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是评估 CS 对健康认知老化、轻度认知障碍（MCI）和痴呆老年人的心理社会结局的影响。
从建立到 2021 年 10 月，我们在 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了检查。这些数据库中共初步确定了 1997 项研究。在排除不符合纳入标准的研究后，最终有 30 项研究纳入了系统评价和荟萃分析，由于纳入了重复测量的研究，因此使用稳健方差估计器（RVE）进行荟萃分析。采用美国国立卫生研究院的质量评估工具来评估研究的质量。
接受个性化/适应性 CS 的参与者的 CS 与更高的生活质量显著相关（RVE=0.11±0.19 [-0.76, 0.99]，t(1.86)=0.6, p=0.61）。
个性化/适应性 CS 似乎可以提高老年人的生活质量。
