Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2023 Aug;101(8):961-972. doi: 10.1007/s00109-023-02350-3. Epub 2023 Jul 18.
The diminishing supply and increasing costs of donated blood have motivated research into novel hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) that can serve as red blood cell (RBC) substitutes. HBOCs are versatile agents that can be used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock. However, many of the RBC substitutes that are based on mammalian hemoglobins have presented key limitations such as instability and toxicity. In contrast, erythrocruorins (Ecs) are other types of HBOCs that may not suffer these disadvantages. Ecs are giant metalloproteins found in annelids, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates. Thus far, the Ecs of Lumbricus terrestris (LtEc) and Arenicola marina (AmEc) are the most thoroughly studied. Based on data from preclinical transfusion studies, it was found that these compounds not only efficiently transport oxygen and have anti-inflammatory properties, but also can be modified to further increase their effectiveness. This literature review focuses on the structure, properties, and application of Ecs, as well as their advantages over other HBOCs. Development of methods for both the stabilization and purification of erythrocruorin could confer to enhanced access to artificial blood resources.
减少的捐赠血液供应和不断增加的成本促使人们研究新型血红蛋白基氧载体（HBOC），这些载体可以作为红细胞（RBC）替代品。HBOC 是多功能制剂，可用于治疗出血性休克。然而，许多基于哺乳动物血红蛋白的 RBC 替代品存在关键的局限性，如不稳定性和毒性。相比之下，血晶素（Ecs）是其他类型的 HBOC，可能不会有这些缺点。Ecs 是在环节动物、甲壳类动物和一些其他无脊椎动物中发现的巨型金属蛋白。到目前为止，最深入研究的是蚯蚓血晶素（LtEc）和海沙蚕血晶素（AmEc）。基于临床前输血研究的数据，发现这些化合物不仅能有效地运输氧气和具有抗炎特性，而且可以进行修饰以进一步提高其功效。这篇文献综述重点介绍了 Ecs 的结构、性质和应用，以及它们相对于其他 HBOC 的优势。稳定和纯化血晶素的方法的发展可以增强对人造血液资源的获取。
