Muñoz L, Keen C L, Lönnerdal B, Dewey K G
J Nutr. 1986 Jul;116(7):1326-33. doi: 10.1093/jn/116.7.1326.
To study the effects of maternal coffee intake on trace element status of the fetus and newborn, Sprague-Dawley female rats were fed a control purified diet and were provided ad libitum a freeze-dried coffee solution (1.5% wt/vol) (C) or distilled water (W) as their sole source of liquids from d 0 of gestation. On d 21 of gestation, a subsample of dams from each group was killed and litters were removed for examination. At birth, a subsample of litters from each group was cross-fostered to differentiate between pre- and postnatal exposure to coffee (water prenatally, coffee postnatally = WC; coffee prenatally, water postnatally = CW). Food and fluid intake during gestation, maternal weight gain and litter size were similar in the coffee and control groups, but pup birth weight was lower in the coffee group than in the control group (5.82 vs. 6.45 g, P less than 0.05). Compared with that of control pups, hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly lower in C and WC pups, but not in CW pups, at 3 and 14 d of age. Hematological values were not significantly different between C and W dams or C and W fetuses. Livers of C and WC pups had higher concentrations and total content of Fe, Zn and Cu at 3 d of age compared with controls, but the differences were reduced by 14 d of age. The results suggest that maternal coffee intake may impair mobilization of trace elements from liver reserves in early life and that this may result in reduced hemoglobin synthesis.
为研究孕期母体摄入咖啡对胎儿及新生儿微量元素状况的影响，将斯普拉格 - 道利雌性大鼠喂食对照纯化日粮，并从妊娠第0天起随意提供冻干咖啡溶液（1.5%重量/体积）（C组）或蒸馏水（W组）作为其唯一液体来源。妊娠第21天，处死每组的部分母鼠并取出窝仔进行检查。出生时，将每组的部分窝仔进行交叉寄养，以区分产前和产后对咖啡的暴露情况（产前饮水，产后饮咖啡 = WC组；产前饮咖啡，产后饮水 = CW组）。咖啡组和对照组在孕期的食物和液体摄入量、母体体重增加及窝仔大小相似，但咖啡组幼崽出生体重低于对照组（5.82克对6.45克，P < 0.05）。与对照幼崽相比，C组和WC组幼崽在3日龄和14日龄时血红蛋白（Hb）显著降低，但CW组幼崽未出现此情况。C组和W组母鼠以及C组和W组胎儿的血液学值无显著差异。与对照组相比，C组和WC组幼崽在3日龄时肝脏中的铁、锌和铜浓度及总量更高，但在14日龄时差异减小。结果表明，孕期母体摄入咖啡可能会损害生命早期肝脏储备中微量元素的动员，这可能导致血红蛋白合成减少。
