College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Technical Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., 8 Jingkai Third Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Jul 17;95(suppl 1):e20220178. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220178. eCollection 2023.
The antibacterial secondary metabolites of the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum associated with the beetle Aspongopus chinensis were investigated through chromatographic fractionation methods of ethyl acetate extracts of the fungal cultures. Five compounds were isolated, and their structures were determined as emodin, 4-(methoxymethyl)benzoic acid, isoochracinic acid, secalonic acid D, and dicerandrol A using mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses. Emodin exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, especially against Staphylococcus aureus even when growing on cooked pork, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.3 μg/mL. Dimeric tetrahydroxanthones, such as secalonic acid D and dicerandrol A, also exhibited potent activity, with MIC values ranging from 9.5 to 28.5 μg/mL. In summary, P. chrysogenum was isolated as a symbiotic fungus of the beetle A. chinensis for the first time and this strain could generate antibacterial secondary metabolites, which could potently inhibit gram-positive bacteria growth in vitro.
从与中国棘胸蛙共生的真菌青霉（Penicillium chrysogenum）的培养物乙酸乙酯提取物中，通过色谱分离方法研究了其与细菌相关的抗菌次生代谢产物。分离得到了 5 种化合物，并通过质谱和核磁共振波谱分析确定了它们的结构，分别为大黄素、4-（甲氧基甲基）苯甲酸、异布枯酸、secalonic 酸 D 和二齿龙醇 A。大黄素有很强的抗菌活性，特别是对生长在熟猪肉上的金黄色葡萄球菌，最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为 6.3 μg/mL。二聚四羟基蒽酮类化合物，如 secalonic 酸 D 和二齿龙醇 A，也表现出很强的活性，MIC 值范围为 9.5 至 28.5 μg/mL。综上所述，首次从中国棘胸蛙中分离到作为共生菌的青霉（Penicillium chrysogenum），该菌株能够产生抗菌次生代谢产物，能够在体外强烈抑制革兰氏阳性菌的生长。
