Department of Socio-Medical Sciences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Nurs. 2023 Oct;32(19-20):7321-7329. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16830. Epub 2023 Jul 19.
This study examined whether nurse work engagement mediated the associations of job resources (collegial support and autonomy) and a personal resource (empathy) with individualized care delivery, in both hospital and long-term care settings. We also explored potential setting-specific differences in how strongly the resources were associated with work engagement and individualized care delivery among nurses.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in three hospitals and two long-term care facilities.
In total, 454 nurses completed a web-based survey including validated measures on resources (collegial support, autonomy, empathy), work engagement and individualized care delivery. Data were analysed using mediation and moderated mediation analyses.
In both settings, all resources were indirectly associated with individualized care delivery via work engagement. Empathy was also directly associated with individualized care delivery, and a stronger association was found in the long-term care setting than in the hospital setting.
The present study showed work engagement to mediate the associations of job resources and empathy with individualized care delivery in both hospital and long-term care settings. Individualized care delivery was furthermore directly facilitated by high levels of empathy, especially among nurses working in long-term care settings.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Patients may benefit from better individualized care delivery by empathic nurses who are more work-engaged in the face of sufficient job resources in their practice environment.
Nurses are better able to deliver individualized care when provided with sufficient job resources (collegial support and autonomy) that support their being work-engaged professionals. Furthermore, empathic nurses also reported being able to better support patient individuality. These findings can be translated to policies of hospitals and long-term care facilities, to optimize job resources and enhance empathy and thus facilitate the support of patient individuality by nurses.
This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines.
Nurses were involved in the design and data collection of the study.
本研究旨在检验工作投入是否在工作资源（同事支持和自主性）和个人资源（同理心）与医院和长期护理机构中个性化护理提供之间的关联中起到中介作用。我们还探讨了在护士工作投入和个性化护理提供方面，资源与同理心与工作投入和个性化护理提供之间的关联在多大程度上存在潜在的特定于设置的差异。
我们在三家医院和两家长期护理机构进行了一项横断面研究。
共有 454 名护士完成了一项基于网络的调查，其中包括资源（同事支持、自主性、同理心）、工作投入和个性化护理提供的经过验证的测量。使用中介和调节中介分析进行数据分析。
在两种情况下，所有资源都通过工作投入与个性化护理提供间接相关。同理心也与个性化护理提供直接相关，并且在长期护理环境中比在医院环境中发现的关联更强。
本研究表明，在医院和长期护理环境中，工作投入介导了工作资源和同理心与个性化护理提供之间的关联。高水平的同理心，特别是在长期护理环境中工作的护士，还可以直接促进个性化护理的提供。
对专业和/或患者护理的影响：在实践环境中提供充足的工作资源（同事支持和自主性）以支持他们成为投入工作的专业人员时，患者可能会从更好的个性化护理提供中受益。
同理心强的护士能够更好地提供个性化护理，并且在工作资源充足的情况下（同事支持和自主性），更能投入工作。这些发现可以转化为医院和长期护理机构的政策，以优化工作资源，增强同理心，从而促进护士对患者个性的支持。
本研究遵循 STROBE 指南。
护士参与了研究的设计和数据收集。
