青少年早期至中期墨西哥青少年人群中邻苯二甲酸酯、酚类和对羟基苯甲酸酯与代谢综合征风险的横断面关联。
Cross-sectional associations between phthalates, phenols, and parabens with metabolic syndrome risk during early-to-mid adolescence among a cohort of Mexican youth.
机构信息
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2023 Nov 1;236(Pt 1):116706. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116706. Epub 2023 Jul 19.
BACKGROUND
Epidemiological studies on children and adults have linked toxicants from plastics and personal care products to metabolic disruption. Yet, the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on adolescent metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk during early and mid-adolescence is unclear.
METHODS
To examine the links between exposure to EDCs and MetS risk and its components, cross-sectional data from 344 Mexican youth in early-to-mid adolescence (10-17 years) were analyzed. Urinary biomarker concentrations of phthalates, phenol, and paraben analytes were measured from a single spot urine sample collected in 2015; study personnel obtained anthropometric and metabolic measures. We examined associations between summary phthalates and metabolites, phenol, and paraben analytes with MetS risk z-scores using linear regression, adjusted for specific gravity, sex, age, pubertal status, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity level, and screen time. As a secondary aim, mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of hormones in the association between summary phthalates with lipids and MetS risk z-scores.
RESULTS
The mean (SD) age was 13.2 (1.9) years, and 50.9% were female. Sex-stratified analyses revealed associations between summary phthalates and lipids ratio z-scores, including Σ DEHP [β = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.37; p < 0.01)], phthalates from plastic sources (Σ Plastic) [β = 0.22 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.39; p < 0.01)], anti-androgenic phthalates (Σ AA) [β = 0.22 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.39; p < 0.01)], and individual phthalate metabolites (MEHHP, MEOHP, and MECPP) among males. Among females, BPA [β = 0.24 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.44; p < 0.05)] was positively associated with lipids ratio z-score and one phenol (2,5 DCP) [β = 0.09 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.18); p < 0.05)] was associated with increased waist circumference z-score. Results showed no evidence of mediation by hormone concentrations in the association between summary phthalates with lipids ratio or MetS risk z-scores.
CONCLUSION
Higher EDC exposure was positively associated with serum lipids during adolescence, particularly among males.
背景
儿童和成人的流行病学研究表明，塑料和个人护理产品中的有毒物质与代谢紊乱有关。然而，内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）对青少年中期代谢综合征（MetS）风险的影响尚不清楚。
方法
为了研究 EDC 暴露与 MetS 风险及其组成部分之间的联系，对 344 名处于青春期早期至中期（10-17 岁）的墨西哥青少年的横断面数据进行了分析。2015 年收集了单次尿样中的邻苯二甲酸酯、酚和对羟基苯甲酸酯分析物的尿生物标志物浓度；研究人员获得了人体测量和代谢指标。我们使用线性回归分析了邻苯二甲酸酯和代谢物、酚和对羟基苯甲酸酯分析物总和与 MetS 风险 z 评分之间的关联，调整了比重、性别、年龄、青春期状态、吸烟、饮酒量、身体活动水平和屏幕时间。作为次要目标，进行了中介分析，以评估激素在邻苯二甲酸酯总和与脂质和 MetS 风险 z 评分之间的关联中的作用。
结果
平均（SD）年龄为 13.2（1.9）岁，50.9%为女性。按性别分层分析显示，邻苯二甲酸酯和脂质比值 z 评分之间存在关联，包括ΣDEHP[β=0.21（95%CI：0.04，0.37；p<0.01）]、塑料来源的邻苯二甲酸酯（ΣPlastic）[β=0.22（95%CI：0.05，0.39；p<0.01）]、抗雄激素邻苯二甲酸酯（ΣAA）[β=0.22（95%CI：0.05，0.39；p<0.01）]和个别邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物（MEHHP、MEOHP 和 MECPP）在男性中。在女性中，BPA[β=0.24（95%CI：0.03，0.44；p<0.05）]与脂质比值 z 评分呈正相关，一种酚（2,5DCP）[β=0.09（95%CI：0.01，0.18；p<0.05）]与腰围比值 z 评分升高有关。结果表明，激素浓度在邻苯二甲酸酯总和与脂质比值或 MetS 风险 z 评分之间的关联中没有中介作用的证据。
结论
青春期期间，较高的 EDC 暴露与血清脂质呈正相关，尤其是在男性中。
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