美国成年人中维生素 D 缺乏、年龄和抑郁的关联：一项横断面分析。
The association of vitamin D deficiency, age and depression in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis.
机构信息
Synergetic Innovation Center of Kinesis and Health, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 24;23(1):534. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04685-0.
BACKGROUND
Depression is an important public health burden, its risk of occurrence is associated with vitamin D deficiency and may also increase with age, while serum vitamin D levels are closely related to age.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether vitamin D and age are associated with depression after adjustment for each other.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We extracted data from NHANES 2013-2018, including demographic characteristics, depression level, vitamin D level, physical activity, and body measures. A total of 15,156 adults aged 20 years or older (mean age 49.81 ± 17.67 years, 7301 males and 7855 females) were included. Depression was screened by PHQ-9. Vitamin D deficiency was defined by a serum vitamin D level < 30nmol/L. We performed binary logistic regression models to analyze the association between vitamin D, age and depression, respectively.
RESULTS
Vitamin D levels were negatively associated with depression (P < 0.001). Vitamin D had a significant effect on depression (OR = 0.776, 95%CI: 0.682-0.884, P < 0.001), the effect remained significant after adjusted for confounding variables (OR = 0.761, 95%CI: 0.663-0.874, P < 0.001). Age was positively associated with depression (P < 0.001) and had a significant effect on depression (OR = 1.079, 98%CI: 1.032-1.128, P = 0.001), the effect remained significant after adjusted for confounding variables (OR = 1.092, 95%CI: 1.040-1.146, P < 0.001). Age and vitamin D levels were positively correlated (P < 0.001), and older age had a significant effect on vitamin D level (OR = 1.526, 95%CI: 1.416-1.645, P < 0.001), the effect remained significant after adjusted for confounding variables (OR = 1.371, 95%CI: 1.263-1.487, P < 0.001). In addition, the prevalence of depression was higher in females (2312/7855, 29.43%) than in males (1571/7301, 21.52%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D deficiency and older age are both associated with higher risk of depression, while older age is a protective factor for vitamin D deficiency.
背景
抑郁症是一个重要的公共卫生负担，其发病风险与维生素 D 缺乏有关，而且可能随着年龄的增长而增加，而血清维生素 D 水平与年龄密切相关。
目的
本研究旨在评估维生素 D 和年龄是否在相互调整后与抑郁症相关。
材料和方法
我们从 NHANES 2013-2018 中提取数据，包括人口统计学特征、抑郁水平、维生素 D 水平、身体活动和身体测量。共纳入 15156 名 20 岁或以上的成年人（平均年龄 49.81±17.67 岁，男性 7301 名，女性 7855 名）。采用 PHQ-9 筛查抑郁症。维生素 D 缺乏定义为血清维生素 D 水平<30nmol/L。我们分别进行了二元逻辑回归模型来分析维生素 D、年龄与抑郁之间的关系。
结果
维生素 D 水平与抑郁呈负相关（P<0.001）。维生素 D 对抑郁有显著影响（OR=0.776，95%CI：0.682-0.884，P<0.001），在调整混杂因素后仍有显著影响（OR=0.761，95%CI：0.663-0.874，P<0.001）。年龄与抑郁呈正相关（P<0.001），对抑郁有显著影响（OR=1.079，98%CI：1.032-1.128，P=0.001），在调整混杂因素后仍有显著影响（OR=1.092，95%CI：1.040-1.146，P<0.001）。年龄和维生素 D 水平呈正相关（P<0.001），年龄越大对维生素 D 水平的影响越显著（OR=1.526，95%CI：1.416-1.645，P<0.001），在调整混杂因素后仍有显著影响（OR=1.371，95%CI：1.263-1.487，P<0.001）。此外，女性（2312/7855，29.43%）的抑郁患病率高于男性（1571/7301，21.52%），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。
结论
维生素 D 缺乏和年龄较大均与较高的抑郁风险相关，而年龄较大是维生素 D 缺乏的保护因素。
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