Health Services Vocational School, Elderly Health Program, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Turkey.
Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024 Dec;61(12):1981-1990. doi: 10.1177/10556656231190046. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
To describe factors affecting anxiety, depression, stress, and self-esteem in parents of children with microtia.
Cross-sectional correlational study.
Parents (N = 117) of children with microtia were recruited nationally through a Turkish craniofacial non-governmental organization's social media.
Demographics, parental report of microtia experiences and concerns, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
The mean parental age was 35.61 ± 5.96 years and 74.4% were female. The mean age of their children was 6.08 ± 4.22 years, 69.2% were male, 93.8% had unilateral microtia, and 14.5% had ear reconstruction. Some parents had low self-esteem (24.8%) and were in the severe range for depression (30.7%), anxiety (25.6%), and stress (21.4%). Depression (M = 7.43, SD = 5.35) was associated with worry about child's future (β = 0.25, = .013), microtia information given around birth (β = -0.20, = .024), and child no ear surgery (β = -0.23, = .008), while stress (M = 8.21, SD = 5.37) was associated with worry about the child's future (β = 0.28, = .008). Parental self-esteem (M = 29.59, SD = 5.10) was related to child having ear surgery (β = 0.19, = .047) and information about microtia provided around birth (β = 0.22, = .018). There were no significant associations with Anxiety (M = 6.04, SD = 4.82) identified by multiple regression.
While most parents were in the average to moderate range for clinical concerns, a fifth to a third of participants were in the severe range for depression, anxiety, and stress and a quarter of participants for low self-esteem. Informing families about the microtia treatment process, having the child have surgery, and interventions for reducing their future concerns may provide psychological relief for them.
描述影响小耳畸形患儿父母焦虑、抑郁、压力和自尊的因素。
横断面相关性研究。
通过土耳其颅面非政府组织的社交媒体，在全国范围内招募小耳畸形患儿的父母（N=117）。
人口统计学资料、父母对小耳畸形经历和担忧的报告、抑郁焦虑压力量表和罗森伯格自尊量表。
父母的平均年龄为 35.61±5.96 岁，74.4%为女性。他们孩子的平均年龄为 6.08±4.22 岁，69.2%为男性，93.8%为单侧小耳畸形，14.5%进行过耳部重建。一些父母自尊心较低（24.8%），抑郁（30.7%）、焦虑（25.6%）和压力（21.4%）严重程度较高。抑郁（M=7.43，SD=5.35）与对孩子未来的担忧（β=0.25，p=0.013）、出生时提供的小耳畸形信息（β=-0.20，p=0.024）和孩子未进行耳部手术（β=-0.23，p=0.008）有关，而压力（M=8.21，SD=5.37）与对孩子未来的担忧有关（β=0.28，p=0.008）。父母的自尊心（M=29.59，SD=5.10）与孩子进行耳部手术（β=0.19，p=0.047）和出生时提供的小耳畸形信息（β=0.22，p=0.018）有关。多元回归分析未发现与焦虑（M=6.04，SD=4.82）有显著关联。
尽管大多数父母在临床关注方面处于中等至中度水平，但五分之一至三分之一的参与者在抑郁、焦虑和压力方面处于严重程度，四分之一的参与者自尊心较低。告知家庭小耳畸形的治疗过程，让孩子接受手术，以及减少他们对未来担忧的干预措施，可能会给他们带来心理上的缓解。
