Dr. Anja Ophey, Kerpener Str. 68, 50937 Cologne, Germany, phone +49 221 478-32976, fax +49 221 478-3420,
J Frailty Aging. 2023;12(3):189-197. doi: 10.14283/jfa.2023.20.
The number of people aged 80 years and older (80+) will increase drastically in the upcoming decades. The preservation of cognitive functions will contribute to their quality of life and independence.
To identify determinants of cognition and predictors of change in cognitive performance in the population 80+.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal population-based on the representative NRW80+ survey.
Randomly drawn cases of people aged 80+ from the municipal registration offices, including people living in private homes and institutional settings.
The participants in the cross-sectional sample (N=1503, 65.5%female) were 84.7 years old (95%CI[84.5,85.0]) and had 12.3 years of education (95%CI[12.1,12.4]). The participants in the longitudinal sample (N=840, 62.5%female) were 84.9 years old (95%CI[84.6,85.2]) and had 12.3 years of education (95%CI[12.0,12.5]).
The cognitive screening DemTect, age, sex, education, and social, physical, and cognitive lifestyle activities, as well as subjective general health status and depressive symptoms, were assessed at baseline and 24-month follow-up.
Younger age, more years of education, and more cognitive lifestyle activities were identified as the most consistent determinants of both better cognitive performance and preservation of cognitive performance for both global cognition as well as the DemTect subtests on memory and executive functions.
Our findings reveal that commonly investigated determinants of, and change in, cognitive performance are valid for the people 80+ and highlight the importance of cognitive lifestyle activities for cognitive health. The maintenance of cognitive functions is a key aspect of healthy aging in terms of preserving independence in people 80+.
未来几十年，80 岁及以上人口（80+）数量将大幅增加。保持认知功能将有助于提高他们的生活质量和独立性。
确定 80+人群认知的决定因素和认知表现变化的预测因素。
基于有代表性的 NRW80+调查的横断面和纵向人群研究。
从市政登记处随机抽取的 80 岁及以上人群案例，包括居住在私人住宅和机构环境中的人群。
横断面样本的参与者（N=1503，65.5%女性）年龄为 84.7 岁（95%CI[84.5,85.0]），受教育年限为 12.3 年（95%CI[12.1,12.4]）。纵向样本的参与者（N=840，62.5%女性）年龄为 84.9 岁（95%CI[84.6,85.2]），受教育年限为 12.3 年（95%CI[12.0,12.5]）。
在基线和 24 个月随访时评估认知筛查 DemTect、年龄、性别、教育程度以及社会、身体和认知生活方式活动，以及主观总体健康状况和抑郁症状。
年龄较小、受教育年限较长和更多的认知生活方式活动被确定为认知表现更好和认知表现保持的最一致决定因素，无论是整体认知还是 DemTect 记忆和执行功能子测试。
我们的研究结果表明，通常研究的认知表现的决定因素和变化在 80+人群中是有效的，并强调认知生活方式活动对认知健康的重要性。保持认知功能是 80+人群保持独立性的健康老龄化的关键方面。
