Zhang Ruirui, Hewitt Andrew J, Chen Liping, Li Longlong, Tang Qing
National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.
National Center for International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology, Beijing, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Nov;79(11):4123-4131. doi: 10.1002/ps.7683. Epub 2023 Sep 12.
The application of pesticides is not simply delivering chemicals to the target area. It also involves considering the negative aspects and developing strategies to deal with them during the application process, to ensure the maximization of pesticides use efficiency and the maintenance of the ecosystem. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers demonstrate unique advantages compared to traditional ground sprayers, particularly in terms of maneuverability and labor intensity reduction, showed great potential for chemical application in pest control. It is undeniable that there exist challenges in the practice of UAV spraying, such as higher potential risks of pesticide drift or pathogen transmission, uncertainty canopy deposition for different crops, and unexpected leaf breakage induced by downwash flow. Maximizing the utilization of downwash flow while avoiding lateral air movement outside the intended target crop area is a major issue for chemical application with UAV sprayers, particularly in light of the increasingly apparent consensus on the need for enhanced environmental protection during the chemical application process. It must be considered that the operation strategy in different scenarios and for different crop targets is not the same, unique requirements should be given on nozzle atomization, flight parameters, adjuvants and aircraft types in specific working situations. In future, the implementation of spray drift prediction, technical procedures development, and other solutions aimed at reducing pesticide drift and improving deposition quality, is expected to promote the adoption of UAV sprayers by more farmers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
农药的应用并非仅仅是将化学药剂输送到目标区域。这还涉及到考虑其负面影响，并在应用过程中制定应对策略，以确保农药使用效率最大化和生态系统的维护。与传统地面喷雾器相比，无人机喷雾器展现出独特优势，特别是在机动性和降低劳动强度方面，在害虫防治的化学药剂应用中显示出巨大潜力。不可否认，无人机喷雾在实践中存在挑战，例如农药漂移或病原体传播的潜在风险更高、不同作物冠层沉积的不确定性以及下冲气流导致的意外叶片破损。在化学药剂应用过程中，鉴于对加强环境保护的需求日益明显，最大限度地利用下冲气流同时避免在目标作物区域外的横向空气流动，是无人机喷雾器化学药剂应用的一个主要问题。必须考虑到不同场景和不同作物目标的操作策略不尽相同，在特定工作情况下，应针对喷嘴雾化、飞行参数、助剂和飞机类型给出独特要求。未来，实施喷雾漂移预测、开发技术程序以及其他旨在减少农药漂移和提高沉积质量的解决方案，有望促使更多农民采用无人机喷雾器。© 2023化学工业协会。
