Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology, College of Electronic Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Sep 1;282:116675. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116675. Epub 2024 Jul 5.
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers are widely utilized in commercial aerial application of plant protection products (PPPs) in East Asian countries due to their high flexibility, high efficiency and low cost, but spray drift can lead to low utilization of UAV sprayers application, environmental pollution and bystander exposure risk. Droplet size and spray volume are critical factors affecting spray drift. Currently, the high temperature and humidity environment under the influence of the tropical monsoon climate brings new challenges for UAV sprayers. Therefore, in this study, pesticides were simulated with seduction red solution, and spraying trials were conducted using the DJI commercial T40 UAV sprayers for a typical tropical crop, coconut. In this study, the spray drift distribution of droplets on the ground and in the air, as well as the bystander exposure risk, were comparatively analyzed using droplet size (VF, M, and C) and spray volume (75 L/hm and 60 L/hm) as trial variables. The results indicated that the spray drift characteristics of UAV sprayers were significantly affected by droplet size and spray volume. The spray drift percentage was negatively correlated with the downwind distance and the sampling height. The smaller the droplet size, the farther the buffer zone distance, up to more than 30 m, and the cumulative drift percentage is also greater, resulting in a significant risk of spray drift. The reduction in spray volume helped to reduce the spray drift, and the cumulative drift percentage was reduced by 73.87 % with a droplet size of M. The region of the body where spray drift is deposited the most on bystanders is near chest height. This study provides a reference for the rational and safe use of multirotor UAV sprayers application operations in the tropics and enriches the spray drift database in the tropics.
无人飞行器 (UAV) 喷雾器由于其灵活性高、效率高和成本低，在东亚国家的植保产品 (PPP) 商业航空应用中得到广泛应用，但喷雾漂移会导致 UAV 喷雾器应用效率低下、环境污染和旁观者暴露风险增加。液滴大小和喷雾量是影响喷雾漂移的关键因素。目前，热带季风气候的高温高湿环境给 UAV 喷雾器带来了新的挑战。因此，在本研究中，使用诱惑红溶液模拟农药，并使用 DJI 商用 T40 UAV 喷雾器对典型的热带作物椰子进行喷雾试验。在本研究中，使用液滴大小 (VF、M 和 C) 和喷雾量 (75 L/hm 和 60 L/hm) 作为试验变量，比较分析了地面和空气中液滴的喷雾漂移分布以及旁观者暴露风险。结果表明，UAV 喷雾器的喷雾漂移特性受液滴大小和喷雾量的显著影响。喷雾漂移率与顺风距离和采样高度呈负相关。液滴越小，缓冲区距离越远，可达 30 米以上，累积漂移率也越大，导致喷雾漂移风险显著增加。减少喷雾量有助于减少喷雾漂移，当液滴大小为 M 时，累积漂移率降低了 73.87%。旁观者身上沉积喷雾漂移最多的部位是胸部附近。本研究为热带地区多旋翼 UAV 喷雾器应用作业的合理安全使用提供了参考，丰富了热带地区的喷雾漂移数据库。
