From the Department of the History of Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2023 Jun;21(Suppl 2):62-66. doi: 10.6002/ect.IAHNCongress.15.
The year 2022 marks the 125th anniversary of the discovery of the first element of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The importance of this event on the further development of nephrology, cardiology, and endocrinology left us compelled to reminisce about it and its main author, Robert Tigerstedt (1853-1923), who was one of Scandinavia's most famous scientists. He studied medicine at the University of Helsinki, Finland. His doctoral dissertation On the Mechanical Stimulation of the Nervous System and 10 other original publications made him famous among the neurophysiological community. From 1881, he worked in the Physiology Department at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, where he created a modern laboratory and became a professor at age 33 years. After meeting Carl Ludwig in Leipzig, he became interested in central blood circulation. In 1886, with Per Bergman, he started a series meticulously performed experiments with extracts of the rabbit kidney cortex, which, when injected into other rabbits, increased their blood pressure. The hypothetical responsible substance was called renin. The results were presented at the International Congress of Medicine in Moscow in 1887. Forty years later, Harry Goldblatt confirmed Tigerstedt's theory that "the substance which comes from kidneys increases the blood pressure." After he returned to Finland in 1901, Tigerstedt headed the Physiology Institute in Helsinki. His further activities included scientific work, teaching, and socially oriented issues like healthy nutrition and conditions in prison camps. He was also interested in the history of medicine and was a member of the Nobel Committee. His Textbook of Human Physiology was published in numerous editions in many languages. He also authored the renowned Textbook of Physiological Methodology and Physiology of Circulation. Tigerstedt published over 200 scientific papers and was an honorary doctor at many universities. He was known for his strong personality, critical judgment, idealism, humor, and warm heart.
2022 年是发现肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统第一元素 125 周年。这一事件对肾脏病学、心脏病学和内分泌学的进一步发展具有重要意义，促使我们对这一事件及其主要作者罗伯特·泰格斯特雷德（Robert Tigerstedt，1853-1923 年）进行回忆，他是斯堪的纳维亚最著名的科学家之一。他在芬兰赫尔辛基大学学习医学。他的博士论文《论神经系统的机械刺激》和其他 10 篇原创出版物使他在神经生理学领域声名鹊起。从 1881 年开始，他在斯德哥尔摩卡罗琳斯卡研究所的生理学系工作，在那里他创建了一个现代化的实验室，并在 33 岁时成为教授。在莱比锡与卡尔·路德维希会面后，他对中枢血液循环产生了兴趣。1886 年，他与佩尔·伯格曼（Per Bergman）一起开始了一系列精心设计的兔肾皮质提取物实验，当将这些提取物注射到其他兔子体内时，会使兔子的血压升高。假设负责的物质被称为肾素。研究结果于 1887 年在莫斯科举行的国际医学大会上公布。四十年后，哈里·戈德布拉特（Harry Goldblatt）证实了泰格斯特雷德（Tigerstedt）的理论，即“来自肾脏的物质会升高血压”。1901 年回到芬兰后，泰格斯特雷德（Tigerstedt）领导了赫尔辛基生理学研究所。他的进一步活动包括科学工作、教学以及关注健康营养和监狱营地条件等社会问题。他还对医学史感兴趣，是诺贝尔委员会的成员。他的《人体生理学教科书》以多种语言出版了多个版本。他还撰写了著名的《生理方法学教科书》和《循环生理学》。泰格斯特雷德发表了超过 200 篇科学论文，并获得了许多大学的荣誉博士学位。他以个性坚强、评判严格、理想主义、幽默和热心肠而闻名。
