Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, United States.
National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia (NCDC), Tbilisi, Georgia.
Euro Surveill. 2023 Jul;28(30). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.30.2200837.
BackgroundGeorgia has adopted the World Health Organization European Region's and global goals to eliminate viral hepatitis. A nationwide serosurvey among adults in 2015 showed 2.9% prevalence for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and 25.9% for antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc). HBV infection prevalence among children had previously not been assessed.AimWe aimed to assess HBV infection prevalence among children and update estimates for adults in Georgia.MethodsThis nationwide cross-sectional serosurvey conducted in 2021 among persons aged ≥ 5 years used multi-stage stratified cluster design. Participants aged 5-20 years were eligible for hepatitis B vaccination as infants. Blood samples were tested for anti-HBc and, if positive, for HBsAg. Weighted proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for both markers.ResultsAmong 5-17 year-olds (n = 1,473), 0.03% (95% CI: 0-0.19) were HBsAg-positive and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3-1.6) were anti-HBc-positive. Among adults (n = 7,237), 2.7% (95% CI: 2.3-3.4) were HBsAg-positive and 21.7% (95% CI: 20.4-23.2) anti-HBc-positive; HBsAg prevalence was lowest (0.2%; 95% CI: 0.0-1.5) among 18-23-year-olds and highest (8.6%; 95% CI: 6.1-12.1) among 35-39-year-olds.ConclusionsHepatitis B vaccination in Georgia had remarkable impact. In 2021, HBsAg prevalence among children was well below the 0.5% hepatitis B control target of the European Region and met the ≤ 0.1% HBsAg seroprevalence target for elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Chronic HBV infection remains a problem among adults born before vaccine introduction. Screening, treatment and preventive interventions among adults, and sustained high immunisation coverage among children, can help eliminate hepatitis B in Georgia by 2030.
格鲁吉亚已经采用了世界卫生组织欧洲区域和全球的目标，以消除病毒性肝炎。2015 年对成年人进行的全国血清学调查显示，乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 表面抗原 (HBsAg) 的流行率为 2.9%，乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体 (抗-HBc) 为 25.9%。此前，儿童的 HBV 感染流行率尚未得到评估。
评估格鲁吉亚儿童的 HBV 感染流行率，并更新格鲁吉亚成年人的估计数据。
本研究是 2021 年在≥5 岁人群中进行的一项全国性横断面血清学调查，采用多阶段分层聚类设计。5-20 岁的参与者有资格在婴儿时期接种乙肝疫苗。采集血样检测抗-HBc，如果阳性，则检测 HBsAg。计算这两个标志物的加权比例和 95%置信区间 (CI)。
在 5-17 岁儿童中（n=1473），0.03%（95%CI：0-0.19）为 HBsAg 阳性，0.7%（95%CI：0.3-1.6）为抗-HBc 阳性。在成年人中（n=7237），2.7%（95%CI：2.3-3.4）为 HBsAg 阳性，21.7%（95%CI：20.4-23.2）为抗-HBc 阳性；18-23 岁人群中 HBsAg 患病率最低（0.2%；95%CI：0.0-1.5），35-39 岁人群中最高（8.6%；95%CI：6.1-12.1）。
格鲁吉亚的乙型肝炎疫苗接种产生了显著影响。2021 年，儿童的 HBsAg 流行率远低于欧洲区域 0.5%的乙型肝炎控制目标，达到了消除乙型肝炎母婴传播的 HBsAg 血清流行率≤0.1%的目标。成年人中慢性 HBV 感染仍然是一个问题，这些人出生于疫苗接种前。在成年人中进行筛查、治疗和预防干预，并持续保持儿童的高免疫覆盖率，有助于到 2030 年在格鲁吉亚消除乙型肝炎。
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