Tohme Rania A, Shadaker Shaun, Adamia Ekaterine, Khonelidze Irma, Stvilia Ketevan, Getia Vladimer, Tsereteli Maia, Alkhazashvili Maia, Abutidze Akaki, Butsashvili Maia, Gogia Maka, Glass Nancy, Surguladze Sophia, Schumacher Irina Tskhomelidze, Gabunia Tamar
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Aug 1;73(30):660-666. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7330a1.
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are leading causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer and caused 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Hepatitis B is preventable with vaccination, and hepatitis C is curable with direct-acting antivirals. In 2015, in collaboration with CDC and other partners, Georgia, a country at the intersection of Europe and Asia, launched a hepatitis C elimination program to reduce the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C; at that time, the prevalence was 5.4%, more than five times the global average of 1.0%. In 2016, the World Health Assembly endorsed a goal for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health problem by 2030. In 2024, 89% of the Georgian adult population have received screening for hepatitis C, 83% of persons with current chronic HCV infection have received a diagnosis, and 86% of those with diagnosed hepatitis C have started treatment. During 2015-2023, vaccination coverage with the hepatitis B birth dose and with 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine among infants exceeded 90% for most years. In 2021, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen was 0.03% among children and adolescents aged 5-17 years and 2.7% among adults. Georgia has demonstrated substantial progress toward hepatitis B and hepatitis C elimination. Using lessons from the hepatitis C elimination program, scale-up of screening and treatment for hepatitis B among adults would prevent further viral hepatitis-associated morbidity and mortality in Georgia and would accelerate progress toward hepatitis B and hepatitis C elimination by 2030.
乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎是导致肝硬化和肝癌的主要原因，2022年在全球造成了130万人死亡。乙型肝炎可通过接种疫苗预防，丙型肝炎可用直接抗病毒药物治愈。2015年，欧洲和亚洲交界处的国家格鲁吉亚与美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）及其他合作伙伴合作，启动了一项丙型肝炎消除计划，以降低慢性丙型肝炎的患病率；当时，患病率为5.4%，是全球平均水平1.0%的五倍多。2016年，世界卫生大会批准了到2030年消除作为公共卫生问题的病毒性肝炎的目标。2024年，格鲁吉亚89%的成年人口接受了丙型肝炎筛查，83%的现患慢性丙型肝炎感染者得到了诊断，86%的丙型肝炎确诊者开始接受治疗。在2015 - 2023年期间，大多数年份婴儿的乙型肝炎首剂疫苗接种率和3剂乙型肝炎疫苗接种率均超过90%。2021年，5 - 17岁儿童和青少年的乙型肝炎表面抗原流行率为0.03%，成人为2.7%。格鲁吉亚在消除乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎方面已取得重大进展。借鉴丙型肝炎消除计划的经验，扩大成人乙型肝炎的筛查和治疗将预防格鲁吉亚进一步出现与病毒性肝炎相关的发病和死亡，并将加速到2030年消除乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎的进程。
