Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University.
Personal Disord. 2024 Jan;15(1):34-45. doi: 10.1037/per0000635. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Loneliness has broad public health importance, especially in older adulthood, and there is some evidence suggesting it is associated with several personality disorders (PDs). The etiology of these PD-loneliness associations, however, has rarely been studied, especially in the context of the maladaptive traits of the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorder (AMPD). To address these limitations, we estimated phenotypic, genetic, and unique environmental associations between loneliness and maladaptive personality traits in a sample of older adults from the Minnesota Twin Registry ( = 1,356, = 70.4). Loneliness was moderately to strongly associated with each of the AMPD domains of negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism ( = .22-.58), with evidence of both genetic ( = .45-.75) and unique environmental ( = .10-.48) influences explaining the associations to varying degrees. We argue that loneliness may be an underappreciated concomitant of personality pathology, with PD traits perhaps underlying its development. Indeed, these findings suggest that loneliness may be a manifestation of the genetic and environmental forces that also lead to pathological personality variation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
孤独感具有广泛的公共卫生重要性，尤其是在老年人群中，有一些证据表明它与几种人格障碍（PD）有关。然而，这些 PD-孤独感关联的病因很少被研究，尤其是在 DSM-5 人格障碍替代模型（AMPD）的适应不良特征的背景下。为了克服这些局限性，我们在明尼苏达州双胞胎登记处的老年人群体样本中（n=1356，年龄中位数为 70.4 岁），估计了孤独感与适应不良人格特质之间的表型、遗传和独特环境关联。孤独感与 AMPD 的各个负性情绪、分离、敌对、冲动和精神病性等领域呈中度到高度相关（r 值范围为.22-.58），遗传（r 值范围为.45-.75）和独特环境（r 值范围为.10-.48）都对这些关联有影响。我们认为，孤独感可能是人格病理的一个被低估的伴随现象，PD 特征可能是其发展的基础。事实上，这些发现表明，孤独感可能是导致病理性人格变异的遗传和环境力量的表现。
