补充益生菌可改变极低出生体重早产儿住院期间的肠道微生物群谱。

Probiotic supplementation modifies the gut microbiota profile of very low birth weight preterm infants during hospitalization.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.

Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan.

出版信息

Pediatr Neonatol. 2024 Jan;65(1):55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.06.002. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

DOI:10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.06.002

PMID:37500417

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Probiotic supplementation is increasingly being given to very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. This preliminary observational study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple-strain probiotics on the gut microbiota of VLBW preterm infants.

METHODS

We collected meconium and stool samples on days 14, 30, and 60 after birth from 49 VLBW infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks. The infants were divided into the probiotics (n = 24) and control (n = 25) groups. The microbial composition and diversity in the gut of the two groups were analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.

RESULTS

The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was significantly higher in the probiotics group than in the control group on days 14, 30, and 60 (Bifidobacterium: p = 0.002, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001, respectively; Lactobacillus: p = 0.012, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001, respectively). The control group exhibited a significantly higher proportion of participants with a low abundance (<1%) of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus on days 14, 30, and 60 than those in the probiotic group. Moreover, the probiotics group exhibited a significantly lower abundance of Klebsiella on days 14 and 30 (2.4% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.037; and 7.9% vs. 16.6%, p = 0.032, respectively) and of Escherichia-Shigella on day 60 than the control group (6.1% vs. 12.3%, p = 0.013). Beta diversity analysis revealed that the microbiota profile was clearly divided into two groups on days 30 and 60 (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Probiotic supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and inhibited the growth of potential pathogens. Furthermore, probiotic supplementation led to a distinct gut microbiota profile. Further research is needed to identify probiotic strains that exert significant influence on the gut microbiome and their long-term health implications in preterm infants.

摘要

背景

越来越多的极低出生体重（VLBW）早产儿接受益生菌补充。本初步观察性研究旨在研究多菌株益生菌对 VLBW 早产儿肠道微生物群的影响。

方法

我们收集了 49 名胎龄<32 周的 VLBW 早产儿出生后 14、30 和 60 天的胎粪和粪便样本。将婴儿分为益生菌（n=24）和对照组（n=25）。使用 16S rRNA 基因测序分析两组肠道的微生物组成和多样性。

结果

益生菌组双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的相对丰度在 14、30 和 60 天时明显高于对照组（双歧杆菌：p=0.002、p<0.0001 和 p<0.0001；乳酸杆菌：p=0.012、p<0.0001 和 p<0.0001）。对照组在 14、30 和 60 天时，双歧杆菌或乳酸杆菌低丰度（<1%）的参与者比例明显高于益生菌组。此外，益生菌组在 14 天和 30 天时，Klebsiella 的丰度明显低于对照组（2.4%比 11.6%，p=0.037；7.9%比 16.6%，p=0.032），60 天时 Escherichia-Shigella 的丰度也低于对照组（6.1%比 12.3%，p=0.013）。β多样性分析显示，30 天和 60 天时，微生物群谱明显分为两组（p=0.001）。