Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Jul 5;13(7):708. doi: 10.3390/bios13070708.
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the chemiluminescence triggered by electrochemical reactions. Due to the unique excitation mode and inherent low background, ECL has been a powerful analytical technique to be widely used in biosensing and imaging. As an emerging ECL luminophore, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have apparent advantages over traditional molecular luminophores in terms of luminescence efficiency and signal modulation ability. Therefore, the development of an efficient ECL system with QDs as luminophores is of great significance to improve the sensitivity and detection flux of ECL biosensors. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of recent advances in ECL using semiconductor QDs as luminophores. The luminescence process and ECL mechanism of semiconductor QDs with various coreactants are discussed first. Specifically, the influence of surface defects on ECL performance of semiconductor QDs is emphasized and several typical ECL enhancement strategies are summarized. Then, the applications of semiconductor QDs in ECL biosensing are overviewed, including immunoassay, nucleic acid analysis and the detection of small molecules. Finally, the challenges and prospects of semiconductor QDs as ECL luminophores in biosensing are featured.
电化学发光（ECL）是由电化学反应引发的化学发光。由于独特的激发模式和固有的低背景，ECL 已成为一种强大的分析技术，被广泛应用于生物传感和成像。作为一种新兴的 ECL 发光体，半导体量子点（QDs）在发光效率和信号调制能力方面相对于传统分子发光体具有明显的优势。因此，开发一种以 QDs 为发光体的高效 ECL 系统对于提高 ECL 生物传感器的灵敏度和检测通量具有重要意义。在本文中，我们全面总结了以半导体 QDs 为发光体的 ECL 的最新进展。首先讨论了具有各种共反应物的半导体 QDs 的发光过程和 ECL 机制。具体强调了表面缺陷对半导体 QDs 的 ECL 性能的影响，并总结了几种典型的 ECL 增强策略。然后，概述了半导体 QDs 在 ECL 生物传感中的应用，包括免疫分析、核酸分析和小分子的检测。最后，突出了半导体 QDs 作为 ECL 发光体在生物传感中的挑战和前景。
