Alzahrani Ahmed Yahya, Alamoudi Najlaa Mohammed Hussain, El Meligy Omar Abd El Sadek
Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Pediatric Dentistry, Taif Dental Centre, Ministry of Health, Taif 26511, Saudi Arabia.
Dent J (Basel). 2023 Jun 23;11(7):157. doi: 10.3390/dj11070157.
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a significant health problem that can affect the child's quality of life by negatively affecting their esthetics and function. This review aimed to summarize the etiology and pathogenesis of MIH. It also aimed to summarize the recent studies on MIH in children and adolescents, focusing on diagnosis, prevention, and clinical management. An electronic search on the PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, MedlinePlus, WHO reports, and Google Scholar databases was performed. The volume of research on the etiology, presentation, and clinical management of MIH is still expanding. The creation and validation of indices for the diagnosis and management of MIH, as well as any potential genetic aspects appear to be the main areas of current research. Notably, MIH was linked to childhood illnesses, the use of antibiotics, and early childhood fever. Although many studies discuss the different options for managing MIH lesions, evidence-based studies that address the long-term outcomes of MIH are still lacking. Indeed, future clinical studies should be directed to evaluate the impact of each systemic etiological factor and its different types of management on normal amelogenesis. Regarding the diagnosis, future research should focus on the pre-eruption diagnosis and early approaches to prevent the post-eruption breakdown and caries. Regarding the treatment of MIH, future investigations should emphasize further improvements in adhesion and the use of new materials and techniques, such as digital dentistry.
磨牙症性切牙矿化不全（MIH）是一个严重的健康问题，可通过对儿童的美观和功能产生负面影响来影响其生活质量。本综述旨在总结MIH的病因和发病机制。它还旨在总结最近关于儿童和青少年MIH的研究，重点是诊断、预防和临床管理。我们在PubMed、Cochrane系统评价数据库、MEDLINE、MedlinePlus、世界卫生组织报告和谷歌学术数据库上进行了电子检索。关于MIH病因、表现和临床管理的研究数量仍在不断增加。MIH诊断和管理指标的创建与验证以及任何潜在的遗传因素似乎是当前研究的主要领域。值得注意的是，MIH与儿童疾病、抗生素使用和幼儿期发热有关。尽管许多研究讨论了管理MIH病变的不同选择，但仍缺乏针对MIH长期结果的循证研究。事实上，未来的临床研究应致力于评估每种全身病因因素及其不同类型的管理对正常釉质形成的影响。关于诊断，未来的研究应侧重于萌出前诊断以及预防萌出后牙体破坏和龋齿的早期方法。关于MIH的治疗，未来的研究应强调在粘结方面的进一步改进以及新材料和新技术（如数字牙科）的使用。
