School of Nursing, Mae Fah Laung University, Chiangrai, Thailand.
Trudy Busch Valentine, School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, Missouri, MO, USA.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Jul 28;23(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04102-9.
An increasing number of studies have documented the effectiveness on various types of face-to-face and online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in reducing anxiety among general population, but there is a scarcity of systematic reviews evaluating evidence of online MBIs on anxiety in adults. Therefore, we examined the effects of online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on anxiety symptoms in adults and explored the moderating effects of participant, methods, and intervention characteristics.
We systematically searched nine databases through May 2022 without date restrictions. Inclusion criteria were primary studies evaluating online mindfulness-based interventions with adults with anxiety measured as an outcome, a comparison group, and written in English. We used random-effects model to compute effect sizes (ESs) using Hedges' g, a forest plot, and Q and I statistics as measures of heterogeneity; we also examined moderator analyses.
Twenty-six primary studies included 3,246 participants (39.9 ± 12.9 years old). Overall, online mindfulness-based interventions showed significantly improved anxiety (g = 0.35, 95%CI 0.09, 0.62, I = 92%) compared to controls. With regards to moderators, researchers reported higher attrition, they reported less beneficial effects on anxiety symptoms (β=-0.001, Q=4.59, p = .032). No other quality indicators moderated the effects of online mindfulness-based interventions on anxiety.
Online mindfulness-based interventions improved anxiety symptoms in adult population. Thus, it might be used as adjunctive or alternative complementary treatment for adults. However, our findings must be interpreted with caution due to the low and unclear power of the sample in primary studies; hence, high-quality studies are needed to confirm our findings.
越来越多的研究记录了各种类型的面对面和在线正念干预（MBI）在减少普通人群焦虑方面的有效性，但缺乏系统评价评估在线 MBI 对成年人焦虑的证据。因此，我们研究了在线正念干预（MBI）对成年人焦虑症状的影响，并探讨了参与者、方法和干预特征的调节作用。
我们通过 2022 年 5 月无日期限制的方式系统地搜索了九个数据库。纳入标准是评估成年人接受正念干预的原始研究，将成年人作为干预对象，以焦虑为结局，设置对照组，并使用英文撰写。我们使用随机效应模型计算效应大小（ES），使用 Hedges'g、森林图和 Q 和 I 统计量作为异质性的衡量标准；我们还进行了调节分析。
26 项主要研究纳入了 3246 名参与者（39.9±12.9 岁）。总体而言，与对照组相比，在线正念干预显著改善了焦虑（g=0.35，95%CI 0.09，0.62，I=92%）。关于调节因素，研究人员报告较高的失访率，他们报告了对焦虑症状的效果较差（β=-0.001，Q=4.59，p=0.032）。其他质量指标没有调节在线正念干预对焦虑的影响。
在线正念干预改善了成年人群的焦虑症状。因此，它可以作为成年人的辅助或替代补充治疗方法。然而，由于初级研究中样本的低和不明确的效力，我们的发现必须谨慎解释，因此需要高质量的研究来证实我们的发现。
