海栖腹足动物（Conomulex luhuanus）视网膜中的视紫红质和视黄醛色素蛋白。

Rhodopsin and retinochrome in the retina of a marine gastropod, Conomulex luhuanus.

作者信息

Ozaki K, Terakita A, Hara R, Hara T

出版信息

Vision Res. 1986;26(5):691-705. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(86)90083-0.

Abstract

Photopigments in the conch retina were examined with special attention given to the photic vesicles characteristic of gastropod photoreceptors. Three different fractions of visual cell fragments were prepared from the retina: the MV-fraction containing the rhabdomal microvilli, and the PVH- and PVL-fractions containing the photic vesicles located in the visual cell body. Rhodopsin was found in the MV-fraction (lambda max = 474 nm), and yielded a photoequilibrium mixture with metarhodopsin (lambda max = 512 nm) on irradiation with blue light. Retinochrome was found in both of the PVH- and PVL-fractions (lambda max = approximately 510 nm), and was bleached into metaretinochrome by exposure to orange light, showing no marked shift of the absorption peak. Unlike the PVH-fraction, the PVL-fraction contains much aporetinochrome in addition to retinochrome, suggesting that the large mass of photic vesicles around the nucleus may serve as storage for retinal in retinochrome and for newly synthesized aporetinochrome. The total amount of retinochrome in the retina was several times higher than that of rhodopsin, distinguishing the gastropod eye from the cephalopod eye.

摘要

对海螺视网膜中的光色素进行了检查，特别关注腹足纲动物光感受器特有的光小泡。从视网膜中制备了三种不同的视觉细胞碎片组分：包含视杆微绒毛的MV组分，以及包含位于视觉细胞体中的光小泡的PVH和PVL组分。在MV组分中发现了视紫红质（最大吸收波长=474nm），在用蓝光照射时会与变视紫红质（最大吸收波长=512nm）形成光平衡混合物。在PVH和PVL组分中均发现了视黄醛色素（最大吸收波长约为510nm），通过暴露于橙光会被漂白成变视黄醛色素，吸收峰没有明显偏移。与PVH组分不同，PVL组分除了视黄醛色素外还含有大量的脱辅基视黄醛色素，这表明细胞核周围大量的光小泡可能作为视黄醛色素中视黄醛和新合成的脱辅基视黄醛色素的储存库。视网膜中视黄醛色素的总量比视紫红质高出数倍，这是腹足纲动物眼睛与头足纲动物眼睛的区别所在。