Lukoševičiūtė-Barauskienė Justė, Žemaitaitytė Monika, Šūmakarienė Vaida, Šmigelskas Kastytis
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Faculty of Public Health, Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jun 25;10(7):1109. doi: 10.3390/children10071109.
Adolescents are at an increased risk of mental health problems due to the natural processes of development and maturation. Given that their mental health is mainly assessed by adults and not by the adolescents themselves, the purpose of this study is to reveal adolescents' perceptions of mental health. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, and an inductive qualitative approach with thematic analysis was used. The qualitative study consisted of 19 adolescents aged 11-17 years. Five themes were identified: (1) What does mental health mean to you? (subthemes: realm of emotions, customary behavior, and relationships with others); (2) needs (subthemes: communication and support, self-expression and freedom of decision-making, and a safe and personal environment); (3) risk factors (subthemes: un-healthy relationships and social media dangers); (4) red flags (subthemes: self-exclusion from social life and self-destructive behavior); and (5) role of mental health professionals (subthemes: attentiveness to and proper pace for adolescent and acceptance of adolescent's life in its entirety). This study revealed that adolescents view their mental health not only from their own emotional and behavioral perspectives but also through the prism of relationships with other people.
由于发育和成熟的自然过程，青少年面临心理健康问题的风险增加。鉴于他们的心理健康主要由成年人评估，而非青少年自身，本研究的目的是揭示青少年对心理健康的认知。研究采用了半结构化的深度访谈，并运用了带有主题分析的归纳定性方法。该定性研究由19名年龄在11至17岁的青少年组成。确定了五个主题：（1）心理健康对你意味着什么？（子主题：情感领域、习惯行为以及与他人的关系）；（2）需求（子主题：沟通与支持、自我表达与决策自由以及安全私密的环境）；（3）风险因素（子主题：不健康的人际关系和社交媒体风险）；（4）危险信号（子主题：自我排斥于社交生活和自我毁灭行为）；以及（5）心理健康专业人员的作用（子主题：关注青少年并把握适当节奏以及全面接纳青少年的生活）。本研究表明，青少年不仅从自身的情感和行为角度看待自己的心理健康，还通过与他人关系的视角来审视。
