Jeoung Bogja, Kim Jiyoun
Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 18;11(14):2057. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11142057.
Intervention for hypertension in young age groups is very important. Adults in their 30s and 40s in Korea are the main producers of economic activity. Stress in work life, frequent drinking and smoking, an unhealthy diet, and a lack of physical activity are the biggest factors that increase the risk of high blood pressure. This study analyzed obesity-related body composition, physical fitness, and risk according to age and sex by analyzing population-based hypertension and physical fitness trends in individuals aged 20-59 years in 360,321 Korean adults via National Physical Award Project (NFAP) data points collected from 2012 to 2019. The functional fitness test battery for adults was composed of seven components: (a) aerobic endurance (2-min step), (b) upper body muscle strength (hand grip strength), (c) lower body muscle endurance (sit-ups), (d) flexibility (sit and reach), (e) cardiopulmonary endurance (progressive aerobic capacity endurance run), (f) body compositions (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), and (g) blood pressure. For all items, there was a significant difference in blood pressure according to people's physical fitness levels. Specifically, for obesity-related BMI and WC, the higher the obesity, the higher the blood pressure (post hoc, obesity > overweight > normal > underweight). It was also confirmed that the lower the grade, that is, the weaker the grip, the higher the blood pressure (post hoc, 4 > 3 > 2 > 1). Subsequently, in identifying the risk factors for high blood pressure, the physical fitness level (Model 1) and obesity-related indicator (Model 2) differed by 1.024 and 1.335 times, respectively. Finally, it was confirmed that the risk of high blood pressure in the age and gender model (Model 3) increased by 1.388 times. In addition to the recommendation for changes in blood pressure, significant differences in blood pressure according to physical fitness and significant effects on blood pressure risk in terms of age, obesity-related body composition, and physical fitness were confirmed.
对年轻人群进行高血压干预非常重要。韩国二三十岁和三四十岁的成年人是经济活动的主要生产者。工作生活中的压力、频繁饮酒和吸烟、不健康的饮食以及缺乏体育活动是增加高血压风险的最大因素。本研究通过分析2012年至2019年从360321名韩国成年人中收集的国家体能奖项目（NFAP）数据点，按年龄和性别分析了与肥胖相关的身体成分、体能及风险，这些成年人年龄在20至59岁之间。成人功能性体能测试组由七个部分组成：（a）有氧耐力（2分钟台阶测试），（b）上肢肌肉力量（握力），（c）下肢肌肉耐力（仰卧起坐），（d）柔韧性（坐位体前屈），（e）心肺耐力（递增式有氧能力耐力跑），（f）身体成分（体重指数[BMI]和腰围[WC]），以及（g）血压。对于所有项目，根据人们的体能水平，血压存在显著差异。具体而言，对于与肥胖相关的BMI和WC，肥胖程度越高，血压越高（事后检验，肥胖>超重>超重>正常>体重过轻）。还证实握力等级越低，即握力越弱，血压越高（事后检验，4>3>2>1）。随后，在确定高血压的风险因素时，体能水平（模型1）和与肥胖相关的指标（模型2）分别相差1.024倍和1.335倍。最后，证实年龄和性别模型（模型3）中高血压风险增加了1.388倍。除了对血压变化的建议外，还证实了根据体能水平血压存在显著差异，以及年龄、与肥胖相关的身体成分和体能对血压风险有显著影响。
