Komagamine Yuriko, Suzuki Hiroyuki, Iwaki Maiko, Minakuchi Shunsuke, Kanazawa Manabu
Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
Didital Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2023 Jul 16;12(14):4709. doi: 10.3390/jcm12144709.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including memory loss, has been attracting attention in Japan. This study assessed the effect of new complete dentures provision alone and with dietary intervention on cognitive functions assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 70 older adults who required new complete dentures. The participants had new complete dentures fabricated and were randomly classified into the intervention or control group. The intervention group received simple dietary advice, and the control group only received denture care advice. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA-J before and at 3 and 6 months after treatment. The between-group comparison and within-group comparison were analyzed. No significant differences were reported for comparisons between the intervention and control groups. A significant increase was revealed in the within-group comparisons for the total scores between the 3- and 6-month assessments ( = 0.002) and between the baseline and 6-month assessments ( = 0.012) in the intervention group. In the control group, a significant increase in the total scores was not revealed between any of evaluation period. Complete denture replacement combined with simple dietary intervention may help improve MoCA-J scores in edentulous older adults.
轻度认知障碍（MCI），包括记忆力减退，在日本一直备受关注。本研究评估了单纯提供新全口义齿以及联合饮食干预对使用日语版蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA-J）评估的认知功能的影响。对70名需要新全口义齿的老年人进行了一项随机对照试验。为参与者制作了新全口义齿，并将他们随机分为干预组或对照组。干预组接受了简单的饮食建议，而对照组仅接受义齿护理建议。在治疗前以及治疗后3个月和6个月时，使用MoCA-J对认知功能进行评估。分析了组间比较和组内比较。干预组和对照组之间的比较未报告有显著差异。干预组在3个月和6个月评估之间（P = 0.002）以及基线和6个月评估之间（P = 0.012）的组内比较中，总分有显著增加。在对照组中，任何评估期之间总分均未显示出显著增加。全口义齿更换联合简单饮食干预可能有助于提高无牙老年人的MoCA-J评分。
