Perazzoli Gloria, García-Valdeavero Olga M, Peña Mercedes, Prados Jose, Melguizo Consolación, Jiménez-Luna Cristina
Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Metabolites. 2023 Jul 22;13(7):872. doi: 10.3390/metabo13070872.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers, with five-year survival rates around 10%. The only curative option remains complete surgical resection, but due to the delay in diagnosis, less than 20% of patients are eligible for surgery. Therefore, discovering diagnostic biomarkers for early detection is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. Metabolomics has become a powerful technology for biomarker discovery, and several metabolomic-based panels have been proposed for PDAC diagnosis, but these advances have not yet been translated into the clinic. Therefore, this review focused on summarizing metabolites identified for the early diagnosis of PDAC in the last five years. Bibliographic searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus and WOS databases, using the terms "Biomarkers, Tumor", "Pancreatic Neoplasms", "Early Diagnosis", "Metabolomics" and "Lipidome" (January 2018-March 2023), and resulted in the selection of fourteen original studies that compared PDAC patients with subjects with other pancreatic diseases. These investigations showed amino acid and lipid metabolic pathways as the most commonly altered, reflecting their potential for biomarker research. Furthermore, other relevant metabolites such as glucose and lactate were detected in the pancreas tissue and body fluids from PDAC patients. Our results suggest that the use of metabolomics remains a robust approach to improve the early diagnosis of PDAC. However, these studies showed heterogeneity with respect to the metabolomics techniques used and further studies will be needed to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers.
胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）是最致命的癌症之一，五年生存率约为10%。唯一的治愈选择仍然是完整的手术切除，但由于诊断延迟，不到20%的患者适合手术。因此，发现用于早期检测的诊断生物标志物对于改善临床结果至关重要。代谢组学已成为发现生物标志物的强大技术，并且已经提出了几种基于代谢组学的检测方法用于PDAC诊断，但这些进展尚未转化为临床应用。因此，本综述着重总结过去五年中鉴定出的用于PDAC早期诊断的代谢物。在PubMed、Scopus和WOS数据库中进行文献检索，使用“生物标志物，肿瘤”、“胰腺肿瘤”、“早期诊断”、“代谢组学”和“脂质组”等术语（2018年1月至2023年3月），最终筛选出14项将PDAC患者与患有其他胰腺疾病的受试者进行比较的原始研究。这些研究表明氨基酸和脂质代谢途径是最常发生改变的，反映了它们在生物标志物研究中的潜力。此外，在PDAC患者的胰腺组织和体液中还检测到了其他相关代谢物，如葡萄糖和乳酸。我们的结果表明，使用代谢组学仍然是改善PDAC早期诊断的有力方法。然而，这些研究在所用的代谢组学技术方面显示出异质性，需要进一步的研究来验证这些生物标志物的临床实用性。
