Tallon Anaïs K, Manning Lee-Anne, Mas Flore
Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Mississippi State, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Canterbury Agriculture & Science Centre, 74 Gerald St, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 23;11(7):1643. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071643.
The Queensland fruit fly () is a major polyphagous pest widespread in Australia and several Pacific Islands. Bacteria present on the host plant phyllosphere supply proteins, essential for egg development and female sexual maturity. We investigated the role of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) emitted by Enterobacteriaceae commonly found on the host plant and in the fly gut in attracting virgin females. Bacteria were cultured on artificial media and natural fruits, at various pH, and MVOCs were collected using different headspace volatile absorbent materials. The olfactory responses of virgin females to bacterial MVOCs were assessed via electrophysiology and behavioral assays. The production of MVOCs was strongly influenced qualitatively by the bacterial strain and the type of media, and it semi-quantitatively varied with pH and time. MVOCs emitted by invoked the strongest antennal response and were the most attractive. Among the identified compounds triggering an olfactory response, D-limonene and 2-nonanone were both significantly behaviorally attractive, whereas phenol, nonanal, isoamyl alcohol, and some pyrazines appeared to be repulsive. This study deepens our understanding of the chemical ecology between fruit flies and their bacterial symbionts and paves the way for novel synthetic lures based on specifically MVOCs targeting virgin females.
昆士兰果蝇是一种主要的多食性害虫，广泛分布于澳大利亚和几个太平洋岛屿。寄主植物叶际上存在的细菌提供蛋白质，这些蛋白质对卵的发育和雌虫性成熟至关重要。我们研究了寄主植物和果蝇肠道中常见的肠杆菌科细菌释放的微生物挥发性有机化合物（MVOCs）在吸引未交配雌虫方面的作用。细菌在人工培养基和天然水果上、在不同pH值下培养，使用不同的顶空挥发性吸收材料收集MVOCs。通过电生理学和行为测定评估未交配雌虫对细菌MVOCs的嗅觉反应。MVOCs的产生在质量上受到细菌菌株和培养基类型的强烈影响，并且在数量上随pH值和时间而变化。由[具体细菌名称未给出]释放的MVOCs引发最强的触角反应，并且最具吸引力。在引发嗅觉反应的已鉴定化合物中，D-柠檬烯和2-壬酮在行为上均具有显著吸引力，而苯酚、壬醛、异戊醇和一些吡嗪似乎具有排斥性。这项研究加深了我们对果蝇与其细菌共生体之间化学生态学的理解，并为基于专门针对未交配雌虫的MVOCs的新型合成诱捕剂铺平了道路。
