Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning 437000, China.
Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 12;28(14):5360. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145360.
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is a noninvasive, highly sensitive, and high-resolution modality with great potential for in vivo imaging. Compared with "Always-On" probes, activatable NIR fluorescent probes with "Turn-Off/On" or "Ratiometric" fluorescent signals at target sites exhibit better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), wherein enzymes are one of the ideal triggers for probe activation, which play vital roles in a variety of biological processes. In this review, we provide an overview of enzyme-activatable NIR fluorescent probes and concentrate on the design strategies and sensing mechanisms. We focus on the aggregation/dispersion state of fluorophores after the interaction of probes and enzymes and finally discuss the current challenges and provide some perspective ideas for the construction of enzyme-activatable NIR fluorescent probes.
近红外（NIR）荧光是一种非侵入性、高灵敏度、高分辨率的模态，在体内成像方面具有巨大的潜力。与“常开”探针相比，在靶标部位具有“关/开”或“比率”荧光信号的可激活近红外荧光探针显示出更好的信噪比（SNR），其中酶是探针激活的理想触发之一，在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用。在本综述中，我们提供了酶激活的近红外荧光探针的概述，并集中讨论了设计策略和传感机制。我们重点讨论了探针与酶相互作用后荧光团的聚集/分散状态，最后讨论了当前的挑战，并为构建酶激活的近红外荧光探针提供了一些有见地的想法。
