D.V. Sokolsky Institute of Fuel, Catalysis and Electrochemistry, JSC, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Biological Technologies (IHBT), Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 14;28(14):5413. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145413.
Species of the genus Artemisia are well known for their use as ingredients in ancient medicine. The advantage of using plant extracts compared to individual pharmaceutical ingredients is the rate of adaptation of the pathogenic microorganisms to the drug. Due to the rapid development of multidrug-resistance in microorganisms in the field, it is essential to search for novel, effective drugs with low toxicity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate and study the biologically active substances obtained from various substances in the raw materials of Berg. The identification of the main biologically active components was performed using the method of chromato-mass spectrometry. Moreover, the antiviral activity of several extracts was studied using the method of measuring limiting dilutions (the Reed-Mench method), with some modifications. For the first time, the biological activity of extracts from the raw material of Berg. upon the SARS-CoV-2 virus was confirmed. All the obtained extracts exhibited nontoxic effects in animals, with an LD greater than 2 g/kg. Comprehensive toxicological analyses are also presented in the study, such as those of the biochemical parameters of urine after one day and one week of the extracts' administration in mice at a dose of 2 g/kg body weight. In all groups of animals that received extracts of Berg., a slight increase in the presence of red blood cells in their urine was observed one day following the administration of the extracts. This increase decreased somewhat after a week; however, it remained higher than the levels observed in the control animals. In the three groups, there was also a slight increase in the amount of ketones in the urine. Two weeks following the administration of the extracts to these groups, the internal organs of the animals were examined. The examination showed that the internal organs of the animals that received the extracts were not visibly different from those of the control animals in terms of their size or appearance. The weight of the internal organs of the animals that received the extracts was also similar to the weight of the internal organs of the control animals, illustrating the absence of toxicity.
蒿属植物因其作为古代药物成分的用途而广为人知。与单一药物成分相比，使用植物提取物的优势在于病原体微生物对药物的适应速度。由于微生物在该领域的多药耐药性迅速发展，因此必须寻找毒性低的新型有效药物。因此，本研究的目的是从 Berg. 的原料中的各种物质中分离和研究具有生物活性的物质。主要生物活性成分的鉴定采用色谱-质谱法。此外，还通过测量极限稀释法（Reed-Mench 法）对几种提取物的抗病毒活性进行了研究，并进行了一些修改。首次证实了 Berg. 原料提取物对 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的生物活性。所有获得的提取物在动物中均表现出无毒作用，LD 大于 2 g/kg。该研究还提供了全面的毒理学分析，例如在以 2 g/kg 体重的剂量给小鼠施用提取物后一天和一周时尿液的生化参数分析。在接受 Berg. 提取物的所有动物组中，在施用提取物后一天，其尿液中红细胞的存在略有增加。一周后，这种增加略有减少，但仍高于对照组动物的水平。在三组中，尿液中的酮含量也略有增加。在给这些组施用提取物两周后，检查了动物的内脏。检查表明，接受提取物的动物的内脏在大小或外观上与对照组动物没有明显区别。接受提取物的动物的内脏的重量也与对照组动物的内脏的重量相似，表明没有毒性。
