Phytochemicals from Wall. and Their Hepatoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Wall., popularly known as "Pangpo tea", is an edible, medicinal, and ornamental plant of the Family Theaceae. The leaves of were historically applied for the treatment of liver and intestinal inflammatory diseases in China. This study aimed to explore the hepatoprotective agents from leaves through hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory assessment. The phytochemical investigation of the leaves of resulted in the isolation and identification of a total of 18 chemical compounds, including triterpenoids, aliphatic alcohol, dihydrochalcones, chalcones, flavanols, phenolic glycoside, and lignans. Compounds -, -, -, and - were identified from for the first time. Compounds and could significantly alleviate hepatocellular damage by decreasing the contents of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and inhibit the hepatocellular apoptosis in the HepG2 cells induced by N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP). In addition, compounds and inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and increased the catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels for suppressing APAP-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, compounds , , and also had significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) productions on LPS-induced RAW246.7 cells.