Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
Department of Psychology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 21;15(14):3243. doi: 10.3390/nu15143243.
Eating behaviors are complex phenomena, entangling physiological signals of hunger and satiety, food choices, emotional states, and social factors and expectations, as well as food availability and sensory appearance. Evaluating eating behaviors is challenging and must cover different motives. One instrument for such evaluation is the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), composed of three subscales for exploring emotional eating, external eating, and restrained eating. In this article, we aimed to (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of a Mexican Spanish adaptation of the DEBQ; and (2) explore the associations between the three adapted DEBQ scales and the influence of sociodemographic factors on each of the three eating behaviors in Mexican pregnant women. A sample of 514 pregnant women responded to our adapted version of the DEBQ and a questionnaire about sociodemographic information. We performed an exploratory factor analysis using a principal component analysis with varimax rotation; based on this analysis, we removed items that loaded on two factors and then performed a confirmatory factor analysis. The final version of the adapted DEBQ has 26 items, clearly divided into a three-factor structure and satisfactorily reliable (Cronbach's ⍺ = 0.903). We then performed Spearman bivariate correlations and multivariate linear regression with backward variable selection to test the associations and influence of sociodemographic factors on each of the three eating behaviors evaluated with the DEBQ. In pregnant women, emotional eating (EmoE) had a medium-high correlation with external eating (ExtE) and a low correlation with restrained eating (RestE), while ExtE and RestE showed no association. The three eating behaviors are associated with maternal sociodemographic and reproductive variables, which partly explain their variation, most notably maternal schooling. Our adapted version of the DEBQ is suitable for use with Mexican Spanish-speaking pregnant women. Maternal sociodemographic and reproductive factors have an influence on the variance of eating behaviors during pregnancy.
进食行为是复杂的现象，涉及饥饿和饱腹感的生理信号、食物选择、情绪状态以及社会因素和期望，同时还涉及食物的可得性和感官外观。评估进食行为具有挑战性，必须涵盖不同的动机。评估进食行为的一种工具是荷兰进食行为问卷（DEBQ），它由三个分量表组成，用于探索情绪性进食、外显性进食和约束性进食。在本文中，我们旨在：（1）评估 DEBQ 的墨西哥西班牙语版本的心理测量学特性；（2）探讨经过适应的 DEBQ 的三个分量表与三种进食行为之间的关联，以及社会人口因素对墨西哥孕妇的每一种进食行为的影响。一个由 514 名孕妇组成的样本对我们经过适应的 DEBQ 版本和一份关于社会人口信息的问卷做出了回应。我们使用主成分分析与方差极大旋转进行了探索性因子分析；基于此分析，我们删除了加载在两个因子上的项目，然后进行了验证性因子分析。经过适应的 DEBQ 的最终版本有 26 个项目，分为清晰的三因子结构，具有令人满意的可靠性（Cronbach 的 ⍺=0.903）。然后，我们进行了 Spearman 双变量相关分析和多元线性回归，采用向后变量选择方法来测试 DEBQ 评估的三种进食行为之间的关联以及社会人口因素的影响。在孕妇中，情绪性进食（EmoE）与外显性进食（ExtE）具有中高度相关性，与约束性进食（RestE）相关性较低，而 ExtE 和 RestE 之间没有关联。这三种进食行为与产妇的社会人口和生殖变量相关，这些变量部分解释了它们的变化，尤其是母亲的受教育程度。我们适应的 DEBQ 版本适用于讲西班牙语的墨西哥孕妇。产妇的社会人口和生殖因素对妊娠期间进食行为的变化有影响。
