Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.
Department of Psychology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2023 Nov 19;15(22):4837. doi: 10.3390/nu15224837.
A weight-inclusive approach to health involves the promotion of intuitive eating, i.e., the individual's ability to be aware of their physiological hunger and satiety cues to determine when and how much to eat, while paying attention to how certain foods affect their body. The second version of the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2) evaluates four interrelated traits of intuitive eating: Unconditional Permission to Eat (UPE), Eating for Physical rather than emotional Reasons (EPR), Reliance on internal Hunger/Satiety Cues (RHSC), and Body-Food Choice Congruence (BFCC). In this study, our aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Mexican Spanish adaptation of the IES-2 for pregnant women and examine the relationship between intuitive eating traits and maternal sociodemographic characteristics. A sample of 514 pregnant women answered our IES-2 adaptation and a sociodemographic questionnaire. We determined the quality, validity, and reliability of our adaptation through descriptive measures, frequency distributions, intra-class correlations, and extreme answer group comparison for each item, eliminating those with weak technical properties. We then performed an exploratory principal component analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis. Last, we analyzed the association between intuitive eating and maternal sociodemographic and reproductive variables through correlation tests and multivariable linear regressions. Psychometric tests confirmed the validity and reliability of our IES-2 adaptation, which comprised 18 out of the 23 original items. Notably, both the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded not four but five factors, due to the EPR subscale splitting in two (the "emotional" and "physical" components of EPR). We attribute this novel finding to the emotional manifestations that naturally accompany pregnancy, which may incline pregnant women to base their eating behaviors more on the emotional than the physical component that would otherwise dominate their EPR trait. Further research is also needed about the UPE subscale during pregnancy, due to item removal and subtle changes in meaning. Finally, the influence of sociodemographic variables on the IES-2 score was extremely low, suggesting that other variables, possibly of a psychological nature, may have greater influence on a pregnant woman's intuitive eating.
一种包含体重的健康方法涉及到促进直觉饮食，即个体能够意识到自己的生理饥饿和饱腹感提示，以确定何时以及吃多少，同时注意某些食物对身体的影响。直觉饮食量表（IES-2）的第二个版本评估了直觉饮食的四个相互关联的特征：无条件进食许可（UPE）、出于生理而非情感原因进食（EPR）、依赖内部饥饿/饱腹感提示（RHSC）和身体-食物选择一致性（BFCC）。在这项研究中，我们的目的是评估 IES-2 墨西哥西班牙语版本在孕妇中的心理测量特性，并研究直觉饮食特征与产妇社会人口统计学特征之间的关系。我们的样本由 514 名孕妇组成，她们回答了我们的 IES-2 改编版和一份社会人口学问卷。我们通过描述性措施、频率分布、内部类相关和每个项目的极端答案组比较来确定我们改编版的质量、有效性和可靠性，消除那些技术属性较弱的项目。然后，我们进行了探索性主成分分析和验证性因素分析。最后，我们通过相关性检验和多变量线性回归分析了直觉饮食与产妇社会人口统计学和生殖变量之间的关联。心理测量测试证实了我们的 IES-2 改编版的有效性和可靠性，其中包括原始 23 个项目中的 18 个。值得注意的是，探索性和验证性因素分析都产生了不是四个而是五个因素，这是由于 EPR 分量表分为两个（EPR 的“情感”和“生理”成分）。我们将这一新发现归因于妊娠期间自然出现的情感表现，这可能使孕妇更多地根据情感而不是生理成分来决定她们的饮食行为，而生理成分通常会主导她们的 EPR 特征。此外，还需要进一步研究怀孕期间 UPE 分量表，因为该分量表的项目已被删除，且含义发生了微妙变化。最后，社会人口学变量对 IES-2 评分的影响极小，这表明其他变量，可能是心理性质的变量，可能对孕妇的直觉饮食有更大的影响。
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