Hussain Mohamed A, Hassan Mohamed M, Bashir Bashir Abdrhman, Gamar Tarig A, Gasmalbari Elmuaiz, Mohamed Ahmed Osman, Osman Wadah, Sherif Asmaa E, Elgaml Abdelaziz, Alhaddad Aisha A, Ghazawi Kholoud F, Miski Samar F, Ainousah Bayan E, Andijani Yusra Saleh, Ibrahim Sabrin R M, Mohamed Gamal A, Ashour Ahmed
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Africa, Khartoum 11111, Sudan.
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, National University, Khartoum 11111, Sudan.
Pathogens. 2023 Jul 10;12(7):926. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12070926.
The coronavirus has become the most interesting virus for scientists because of the recently emerging deadly SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to understand the behavior of SARS-CoV-2 through the comparative genomic analysis with the closest one among the seven species of coronavirus that infect humans. The genomes of coronavirus species that infect humans were retrieved from NCBI, and then subjected to comparative genomic analysis using different bioinformatics tools. The study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 is the most similar to SARS-CoV among the coronavirus species. The core genes were shared by the two genomes, but there were some genes, found in one of them but not in both, such as ORF8, which is found in SARS-CoV-2. The ORF8 protein of SARS-CoV-2 could be considered as a good therapeutic target for stopping viral transmission, as it was predicted to be a transmembrane protein, which is responsible for interspecies transmission. This is supported by the molecular interaction of ORF8 with both the ORF7 protein, which contains a transmembrane domain that is essential to retaining the protein in the Golgi compartment, and the S protein, which facilitates the entry of the coronavirus into host cells. ORF1ab, ORF1a, ORF8, and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2 could be immunogenic and capable of evoking an immune response, which means that these four proteins could be considered a potential vaccine source. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 is most related to SARS-CoV. ORF8 could be considered a potential therapeutic target for stopping viral transmission, and ORF1ab, ORF1a, ORF8, and the S proteins of SARS-CoV-2 could be utilized as a potential vaccine source.
由于最近出现的致命性严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），冠状病毒已成为科学家们最感兴趣的病毒。本研究旨在通过与感染人类的七种冠状病毒中亲缘关系最近的一种进行比较基因组分析，来了解SARS-CoV-2的行为。从美国国立生物技术信息中心（NCBI）获取感染人类的冠状病毒物种的基因组，然后使用不同的生物信息学工具进行比较基因组分析。研究表明，在冠状病毒物种中，SARS-CoV-2与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）最为相似。这两个基因组共享核心基因，但也存在一些仅在其中一个基因组中发现而另一个基因组中未发现的基因，例如在SARS-CoV-2中发现的开放阅读框8（ORF8）。SARS-CoV-2的ORF8蛋白可被视为阻止病毒传播的良好治疗靶点，因为据预测它是一种跨膜蛋白，负责种间传播。这得到了ORF8与ORF7蛋白和刺突蛋白（S蛋白）的分子相互作用的支持，ORF7蛋白含有将该蛋白保留在高尔基体区室中所必需的跨膜结构域，S蛋白则促进冠状病毒进入宿主细胞。SARS-CoV-2的开放阅读框1ab（ORF1ab）、开放阅读框1a（ORF1a）、ORF8和S蛋白可能具有免疫原性并能够引发免疫反应，这意味着这四种蛋白可被视为潜在的疫苗来源。总体而言，SARS-CoV-2与SARS-CoV关系最为密切。ORF8可被视为阻止病毒传播的潜在治疗靶点，SARS-CoV-2的ORF1ab、ORF1a、ORF8和S蛋白可被用作潜在的疫苗来源。
