Faidallah Rawabe Fatima, Hanon Muammel M, Vashist Varun, Habib Ahmad, Szakál Zoltán, Oldal István
Mechanical Engineering Doctoral School, Szent István Campus, MATE University, Páter Károly u. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
Baquba Technical Institute, Middle Technical University (MTU), Muasker Al-Rashid Street, Baghdad 10074, Iraq.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 13;15(14):3029. doi: 10.3390/polym15143029.
This study presents a comparative analysis of the tensile properties of 3D-printed polymer specimens with different standard geometry shapes. The objective is to assess the influence of printing orientation and geometry on the mechanical performance. Rectangular-shaped ASTM D3039 specimens with angles of 0°, 15°, and 90° are compared to various tensile test specimens based on ASTM and ISO standards. All specimens are fabricated using polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) material through fused deposition modeling (FDM). Two printing orientations, flat and on-edge, are investigated, and tensile strength, elastic modulus, strain, and elongation at break are measured. The study examines the weak spot commonly found at the neck of the specimens and evaluates the broken areas. Additionally, a numerical analysis using the finite element method (FEM) is performed to identify stress risers' locations in each specimen type. Experimental results show that the ASTM D3039-0° specimen printed in the on-edge orientation exhibits the highest tensile properties, while the flat orientation yields the best results in terms of the broken area. The ISO 527-2 specimens consistently display lower tensile properties, irrespective of the printing orientation. The study highlights the enhanced tensile properties achieved with the rectangular shape. Specifically, the tensile strength of ASTM D3039-0° was 17.87% and 21% higher than that of the ISO 527 geometry shape for the flat and on-edge orientations, respectively. The numerical analysis indicated that the ISO 527-2 specimen had either no or minimal stress raisers, and the higher stresses observed in the narrow section were isolated from the gripping location. The findings contribute to understanding the relationship between standard geometry shapes, printing orientation, and the resulting tensile properties of 3D-printed polymer specimens.
本研究对具有不同标准几何形状的3D打印聚合物试样的拉伸性能进行了对比分析。目的是评估打印方向和几何形状对机械性能的影响。将角度为0°、15°和90°的矩形ASTM D3039试样与基于ASTM和ISO标准的各种拉伸试验试样进行比较。所有试样均采用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯二醇（PETG）材料通过熔融沉积建模（FDM）制造。研究了两种打印方向，即平面和边缘方向，并测量了拉伸强度、弹性模量、应变和断裂伸长率。该研究检查了试样颈部常见的薄弱点，并评估了断裂区域。此外，使用有限元方法（FEM）进行了数值分析，以确定每种试样类型中应力集中器的位置。实验结果表明，以边缘方向打印的ASTM D3039 - 0°试样具有最高的拉伸性能，而平面方向在断裂面积方面产生了最佳结果。无论打印方向如何，ISO 527 - 2试样始终显示出较低的拉伸性能。该研究强调了矩形形状所实现的增强拉伸性能。具体而言，对于平面和边缘方向，ASTM D3039 - 0°的拉伸强度分别比ISO 527几何形状高17.87%和21%。数值分析表明，ISO 527 - 2试样要么没有应力集中器，要么应力集中器极少，并且在狭窄部分观察到的较高应力与夹持位置隔离。这些发现有助于理解标准几何形状、打印方向与3D打印聚合物试样所得拉伸性能之间的关系。
