Mercado-Colmenero Jorge Manuel, La Rubia M Dolores, Mata-Garcia Elena, Rodriguez-Santiago Moises, Martin-Doñate Cristina
Department of Engineering Graphics Design and Projects, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Sep 25;12(10):2202. doi: 10.3390/polym12102202.
This paper presents the numerical and experimental analysis performed on the polymeric material Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) manufactured with Fused Deposition Modeling Technology (FDM) technology, aiming at obtaining its mechanical characterization under uniaxial compression loads. Firstly, with the objective of evaluating the printing direction that poses a greater mechanical strength, eighteen test specimens were manufactured and analyzed according to the requirements of the ISO-604 standards. After that, a second experimental test analyzed the mechanical behavior of an innovative structural design manufactured in Z and X-Y directions under uniaxial compression loads according to the requirements of the Spanish CTE standard. The experimental results point to a mechanical linear behavior of PETG in X, Y and Z manufacturing directions up to strain levels close to the yield strength point. SEM micrographs show different structural failures linked to the specimen manufacturing directions. Test specimens manufactured along X present a brittle fracture caused by a delamination process. On the contrary, test specimens manufactured along X and Y directions show permanent plastic deformations, great flexibility and less strength under compression loads. Two numerical analyses were performed on the structural part using Young's compression modulus obtained from the experimental tests and the load specifications required for the Spanish CTE standards. The comparison between numerical and experimental results presents a percentage of relative error of 2.80% (Z-axis), 3.98% (X-axis) and 3.46% (Y-axis), which allows characterizing PETG plastic material manufactured with FDM as an isotropic material in the numerical simulation software without modifying the material modeling equations in the data software. The research presented here is of great help to researchers working with polymers and FDM technology for companies that might need to numerically simulate new designs with the PETG polymer and FDM technology.
本文介绍了对采用熔融沉积建模技术（FDM）制造的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PETG）聚合物材料进行的数值和实验分析，旨在获得其在单轴压缩载荷下的力学特性。首先，为了评估具有更高机械强度的打印方向，按照ISO - 604标准的要求制造并分析了18个测试样本。之后，第二项实验测试根据西班牙CTE标准的要求，分析了在Z方向和X - Y方向制造的创新结构设计在单轴压缩载荷下的力学行为。实验结果表明，PETG在X、Y和Z制造方向上，直至接近屈服强度点的应变水平，呈现出力学线性行为。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显微照片显示了与样本制造方向相关的不同结构失效情况。沿X方向制造的测试样本呈现出由分层过程导致的脆性断裂。相反，沿X和Y方向制造的测试样本在压缩载荷下表现出永久塑性变形、极大的柔韧性和较低的强度。利用从实验测试中获得的杨氏压缩模量和西班牙CTE标准所需的载荷规格，对结构部件进行了两次数值分析。数值结果与实验结果的比较显示，相对误差百分比分别为2.80%（Z轴）、3.98%（X轴）和3.46%（Y轴），这使得在数值模拟软件中，无需修改数据软件中的材料建模方程，就可以将用FDM制造的PETG塑料材料表征为各向同性材料。本文所呈现的研究对使用聚合物和FDM技术的研究人员以及可能需要用PETG聚合物和FDM技术对新设计进行数值模拟的公司有很大帮助。
