Ivdre Aiga, Abolins Arnis, Volkovs Nikita, Vevere Laima, Paze Aigars, Makars Raimonds, Godina Daniela, Rizikovs Janis
Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia.
PolyLabs SIA, 46 Mukusalas St., LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 22;15(14):3124. doi: 10.3390/polym15143124.
Developing polyols from biomass sources contributes to a more circular economy by replacing petroleum-based polyols in the vast production of polyurethanes (PUR). One such potential biomass source could be leftover birch bark from which suberinic acids (SA) can be obtained. The purpose of this study was to identify the best synthesis routes for novel SA-based polyols, obtain rigid PUR foams, and evaluate their competitiveness and potential suitability as thermal insulation material. Novel polyols were synthesized from depolymerized SA by esterification with various functionality and molecular weight alcohols in several molar ratios. The moisture content, hydroxyl and acid values, and apparent viscosity were tested. Free-rise rigid PUR foams from the most suitable SA-based polyol and tall oil-based polyol were successfully prepared, reaching 20 wt.% total renewable material content in the foam. The obtained rigid PUR foams' morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated and compared to present foam materials, including commercial foams. The apparent density (33 kg/m), as well as the closed cell content (94%), compression strength (0.25 MPa, parallel to the foaming direction), and thermal conductivity (0.019 W/(m·K)), approved the competitiveness and potential ability of SA-based rigid PUR foam production as thermal insulation material.
从生物质资源开发多元醇，通过在大量生产聚氨酯（PUR）中替代石油基多元醇，有助于实现更循环的经济。一种这样的潜在生物质资源可能是剩余的桦树皮，从中可以获得软木酸（SA）。本研究的目的是确定新型SA基多元醇的最佳合成路线，获得硬质PUR泡沫，并评估其作为隔热材料的竞争力和潜在适用性。通过将解聚的SA与各种官能度和分子量的醇以几种摩尔比进行酯化反应，合成了新型多元醇。测试了水分含量、羟值和酸值以及表观粘度。成功制备了由最合适的SA基多元醇和妥尔油基多元醇制成的自由发泡硬质PUR泡沫，泡沫中的总可再生材料含量达到约20 wt.%。研究了所得硬质PUR泡沫的形态、力学和热性能，并与包括商业泡沫在内的现有泡沫材料进行了比较。表观密度（约33 kg/m³）以及闭孔含量（约94%）、压缩强度（0.25 MPa，平行于发泡方向）和热导率（约0.019 W/(m·K)）证明了SA基硬质PUR泡沫作为隔热材料生产的竞争力和潜在能力。
